专升本英语辅导讲座03.ppt

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1、专升本英语辅导讲座,第三讲 限定词（二）数量限定词与个体限定词,3.1 数量限定词：a few,few/a little,little,与名词的搭配：可数/不可数肯定/否定：a few,a little/few,little与only或very的搭配only a little,only a fewvery few,very little,3.2数量限定词：some/any,与名词的搭配：均可与不可数名词及可数名词复数连用，表示“一些”。Some一般用在肯定句中，any用在否定句与疑问句中；但期望得到对方的肯定回答时，疑问句用some特殊用法any与单数名词搭配，“无论哪个，任何一个”，用于任何

2、类型的句子。Some与单数可数名词连用，“某一个”。也可表示强烈的感情色彩。Some与数词连用，“大约”,特殊用法例句,You can catch any bus.They all go to the station.Some person at the gate is asking to see you.I dont want to spend my life in some lonely little village.Some 1,500 passengers and crew died aboard the Titanic.,3.3 个体限定词（一）:each/every,与名词的搭配：

3、均接单数可数名词二者差异：词性：each限定词、代词，可单独使用 every限定词，不能单独使用意义：each指两个及以上的事物 every指三个及以上的事物Every强调整体，=all each强调个体，一个一个不同的人或物 each and every与数词搭配：each不与数词搭配，every可与数词连用，加复数名词。,Each has a gift.Each boy has a gift.Each of the boys has a gift.The boys each have a gift.The boys have a gift each.Each sex has its own

4、 characteristics.Each student has his own dream.,Every has a gift.*Every boy has a gift.Every one of the boys has a gift.We want every student to succeed in the exam.I want to welcome each and every balloon enthusiast in Philadelphia.every two days.,3.4 个体限定词（二）:another/other,与名词的搭配关系Another不能修饰不可数名

5、词及直接修饰复数名词，只能与单数可数名词连用，表示 不确定的“另一个，再一个”Other可与单数名词、复数名词及不可数名词连用，表示不确定的“另外的、其余的”人或物，如the other boy,other boys,other water与数词的搭配关系词序上：another+数词+复数名词，强调数量（=数词+more+复数名词）数词+other+复数名词，强调类别语义上：前者表示“在原有基础上的一个延续”后者单纯表示“其它的，另外的”Other本身的其它用法,We will stay here for another three days.I am always busy from Mon

6、day to Thursday,but I can come on three other days.another few weeks/a few more weeks,Other的其它用法,Other之前可以有其它限定词修饰，如some,any,every,enough,one/two/three,no,many,his/my/their等other限定词，必须接名词/others代词，单独使用other其它的另外的/the other剩下其余的,3.5个体限定词（三）either/neither,与名词的搭配：二者皆与单数可数名词连用，谓语用单数，此时均不能再与其他限定词连用二者用作代词

7、：不直接接名词，而是单独使用或接of短语either/neither of+限定词+名词复数+单数谓语动词词义差别：either:“两个中的任何一个”“这个或那个”neither:两者都不,Come over on Saturday or Sunday.Either is OK.You cant choose A or B.Neither is right.Either of the answers is right.Neither of my children has done that.There are trees on either side of the river.There ar

8、e trees on both sides of the river.There are trees on each side of the river.Neither of the answers is right.,3.6限定词用法总结,限定词中的“二”与“三”限定词与可数/不可数名词限定词与of短语限定词之间的位置关系限定词与形容词的区别,限定词中的“二”与“三”,both vs.all neither vs.none the other vs.another(onethe other)each vs.every,限定词与可数/不可数名词,只与单数可数名词搭配的限定词 a,an,each

9、,every,either,neither,another,one等只与复数可数名词搭配的限定词 both,few,a few,fewer,a number of,many,several,those,two及以上的基数词只与不可数名词搭配的限定词 little,a little,less,much,a bit of,a great amount of,a great deal of 既可以与不可数名词也可以与复数可数名词搭配的限定词 a lot of,lots of,plenty of,more,most,all等 同时与单数可数名词、复数可数名词和不可数名词均可搭配的限定词 any,som

10、e,no,the,物主限定词，名词所属格等,限定词与of短语数量或个体词+of+特指限定词+复数名词或不可数名词,特指限定词：指示、物主、所属格、定冠词特指限定词“有且只能有一个”all/most/some/any of+特指限定词+复数名词或不可数名词many/a few/few/several/both/two/three of+特指限定词+复数名词much/a little/little of+特指限定词+不可数名词注意：其它本身就带有of的数量词必须直接与名词连用，前面不需加特指限定词。如：a lot of,lots of,a couple of,plenty of等等,all与bot

11、h的用法,All students are smart.All of my students are smart.All my students are smart.All of students are smart.*,Both students are smart.Both of my students are smart.Both my students are smart.Both of students are smart.*,不定代词与of短语,someone,anyone,everyone,no one不能接of短语 some one,any one,every one,non必

12、须接of短语,No one of us has a gift.*Everyone of us has a gift.*Someone of us has a gift.*Anyone of us has a gift.*,None of us has a gift.Every one of us has a gift.Some one of us has a gift.Any one of us has a gift.,限定词之间的位置关系,I cut down all my previous connections.They questioned both the last two boys.,限定词与形容词的区别,限定词用以限定名词所指的范围，形容词用来表示名词的性质、特征限定词一般不用作表语（少数表示数量的限定词few,many，much除外），绝大多数形容词用作表语限定词总是用于名词之前，形容词作定语时有时可置于被修饰的名词之后,