环境污染物与食品安全.ppt

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1、环境污染物与食品安全,环境污染物与食品安全环境污染物与食品安全What is environmental pollutantAdverse effects of the decline in the quality of human beings and other living beings caused by human activitiesBiological factorChemistry factorPhysical factor Gas WaterSoil2,2,What is environmental pollutant,Adverse effects of the decli

2、ne in the quality of human beings and other living beings caused by human activities,Biological factor,Chemistry factor,Physical factor,Gas WaterSoil,3,4,Features of pollutant,Great varietyLow concentrationGreat harmLast long,5,Pollutant and food safety,A vital factor which impact on food safetyGas

3、pollutantHarmful gas SO2、CO、hydrocarbons Particulate matterdust、acid mist、haze Water pollutantInorganic toxicheavy metal、cyanide Organic toxicphenol、pesticides Pathogenvirus、parasiteSoil pollutant,6,Gas Pollutant and food safety,Source Fuel consumption,industrial production and transportation,7,Acid

4、 rain,Definition：acid precipitation,pH5.65。Source：SO2和 NOX Sulfuric acid,nitric acidHarmDanger to plants and animalsPoor harvestBad quality of water,8,Dioxins,Source Burning of organic chemicals and garbage which containing ClHarmHighly toxic、carcinogenicDifficult to degrade,half life in body is 7 y

5、ears.,9,3,4 benzopyrene,Source Burning of Coal,gasoline,cigaretteHarm Carcinogenic,mutagenic,10,Water Pollutant and food safety,Definition Pollutants go into rivers,lakes,oceans,change the biological properties or communities,thereby reducing the water use value.SourceIndustrial waste：77%Domestic wa

6、ste：23%,11,Phenolic pollutants,SourceManufacturing of gas,coke,plastics,chemical fiberProperty Make the protein coagulation Toxic effect to all living things,12,Phenolic pollutants,13,Harm Harm to Fish,microorganisms,crops0.10.2 mg/L,fish can not be eat6.59.3 mg/L,damage fish gills and pharynx,lead

7、to abdominal bleedingHigher than 100 mg/L,causing crops withered Vomiting,diarrhea,loss of appetite,dizziness,14,Cyanide pollutants,Source Industrial sewage,electroplating,coking,gas,metallurgy,petrochemical HarmHighly toxicInhibition of enzyme activityInhibit the biological respiration Central nerv

8、ous system suppression,15,Soil Pollutant and food safety,Definition Harmful substances produced by human activities into the soil,when its content exceeds the soil itself self-purification capacity,soil composition and the nature change,reducing the quality of crop yields,and endanger human health.,

9、16,SourceIndustrial waste,chemical pesticides,biological pathogens,17,Main PollutantsPhenolic pollutants and Cyanide pollutantsHeavy Metal mercury,arsenic,cadmium,chromiumSludge,waste,18,Heavy Metal Pollutants,PropertyFixed to the soil in the form of Hydroxides,sulfates,sulfides,carbonates or phosph

10、atesDifficult to migrate,continue to accumulate,show harm when to some extentHigh Soil residual rate,90%Do not disappear,long half-life,19,MercurySource：Industrial waste,pesticides,waste batteriesToxicity Alkyl mercury divalent mercury elemental mercury,20,Harm Low dosagethrough feces,urine,sweat,no

11、 harmHigh dosage Acute poisoningLong time intake Minamata disease Harm to nervous system and organs,21,Limits Aquatic products 0.3mg/kg；Meat、egg、oil 0.05mg/kg Grain 0.02mg/kg Vegetable and fruit 0.01mg/kg,22,PbSourcePb compounds used in industrial and agriculturalPesticides,paints,pigmentsFood conta

12、iners,pipes,equipment,23,Harm Acute poisoning Nausea,vomiting,constipation,headache,dizziness,pale skinSubacute poisoning Nausea,vomiting,constipation or diarrhea,abdominal cramps;enlargement of the liverChronic poisoning Peripheral neuritis,anemia,Liver and kidney damage,24,Limits Beans 0.1mg/kg Me

13、at 0.5mg/kg Grain 0.4 mg/kg Vegetable and fruit 0.2mg/kg,25,CadmiumSourceCadmium pollutantsFood containerHarm Accumulate in kidney and other organs Precipitation of calcium,osteoporosis Itai-itai disease Teratogenic,mutagenic,26,Limits Beans 0.1mg/kg Meat and fish 0.1mg/kg Grain 0.2 mg/kg Vegetable and egg 0.05mg/kg,谢谢！,