英语专升本听力辅导.ppt

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1、英语专升本听力辅导,2,连读辅音+元音come out look at take it off beat it drop in put on bend over keep onan orange one of us half an hour read it stand up put it on not at all first of all a cup of tea take it easy back in a minute in an hour pick it up an hour and a half let him in A group of people put on their co

2、ats and went out.,3,/r/+元音 far away after all for ever a pair of our own there is for example After all,this is our own home.元音+元音go on how old go away try again I love you and all.How are you?No end Say it again.I am who elseWe are.see it try it see off any other we agree May I?two oclock in the af

3、ternoon,4,连读练习Take a look at it.Ill be back in half an hour.Will it take a lot of time to go to town on foot?There is a pair of shoes.She was away from her own country for a long time.Shall we meet at ten oclock tomorrow morning?Each of us had a sandwich and a cup of tea.Is it very cloudy outside?Th

4、ose who are quick can go early.Do I have to do every exercise?Many of us will go out tonight.Everybody can see that he is blue in the face.,听力共分为三个部分:,对话短文听写,短对话：试题类型与解题技巧,1.数字类2.场所、关系类考题3.职业和身份题4日常生活活动题5建议和请求题6因果关系题7.词组和短语题8虚拟语气题9含意推断题,1.数字类这类题型涉及到我们生活、学习、工作中的方方面面,如询问号码、时间(年、月、日)、日期、年龄、房号、路程、价钱、人口等

5、.主要有直接型和计算型两种考查方式。常见的提问形式有:Whats the price of?How much does the man have to pay for the tickets?When was the plane/train supposed/scheduled to arrive?(1)直接型在听力录音中直接给出了数字,考生需要做的只是辨别出问题询问的数字就行.对于这类题型,考生在听录音之前先预习选项中的数字,试者用英语读出来.在听数字时,要听清是-teen还是-ty.,(2)计算型问题设计的数字不是有录音材料直接给出，而是需要考生进行一番运算。对于这类题型,考生要听清所有的

6、数字，并搞清楚它们之间的关系。往往需要进行数字的加减乘除或时间的提前和推后等计算来确定答案.如:M:Whats the time for departure?W:5:30.That only leaves us 15 minutes to go through the customs and check our baggage.Q:At what time did the conversation take place?A.5:00 B.5:15 C.5:30 D.5:45Key:B,BACK,2.场所、关系类考题这种题型就是要求考生根据一个或几个含有信息的关键词,迅速判断出对话发生的场所、谈

7、话者的身份、职业、相互关系等.常见的提问形式有:Who is the man/woman?What is the relationship between the two speakers?Where does the conversation probably take place?如:,M:Mary is in charge of the art and music section;and Charles,the sports page.What about you?W:Im responsible for the editorials.Q:Where does the woman wor

8、k?A.at a bookstore.B.at an art museumC.at a newspaper office D.at a gymnasiumKey:C任何对话都离不开具体的语言环境和在某种情景里必然要交流的信息。我们在听的过程中要对对话中提供构成情景的条件和因素进行分析、推测和推断.如在商店,服务员与顾客一般谈论商品的价钱、尺寸、款式、颜色等问题.下面列出了某些特定场合中的关键词和句子:,Hotel:front desk,reception,room service,reservation,book a room,register,check in,check out,porte

9、r,single room,double room,vacant room,bathroom；Restaurant:waiter,waitress,order,reserve,menu,bill,tip,go Dutch.my treat,taste,dessert,have a sweet tooth,main dish,hot dog,toast,sandwich,pizza,pie,drink,whisky,wine，alcohol，beer,soft drink;Post office:mail,postage,postcard,parcel,package,express,air-m

10、ail,zip code,stamp,envelope,dial,extension,long distance call,install a phone,yellow pages,telegram,telegraph;Shop:department store,supermarket,groceries,size,style,fashion,brand,price,cost,cash,on sale,expensive,cheap,bargain,color,in stock,out of stock;,Book store:buy,order,edition,periodical,pape

11、rback,hardback,regular price,on sale,out of print;Library:latest issue,card,be due,overdue,borrow,return,pay fines,alphabetical order,reference book,circulation,bookshelf;School:registration,graduate,enroll,quit school,term,semester,academic year,quiz,exam,experiment;doctors degree,bachelors degree,

12、masters degree,tuition,scholarship,credit,campus,dormitory,clinic,canteen,gym,Students Union,Students Centre;freshman,sophomore,junior,senior,undergraduate,graduate student,lecture,compulsory course,optional course,assignment,paper,seminar,subject,topic,presentation,liberal arts,science;Bank:open an

13、 account,a savings account,interests,balance,credit card,bank clerk;,Airport,railway station and bus station:Airline,air-hostess,depart from gate 2,arrive at gate 3,flight 101,luggage,take off,departure,destination,arrival,smoking section,non-smoking section,boarding pass,baggage claim tag,claim one

14、s baggage,an aisle seat,a window seat,seat belt,declare,claim,fill in the form,duty free,platform,passenger,taxi driver,Train station:platform,board the train,single/one-way ticket,return ticket.Hospital and drugstore:doctor,surgeon,dentist,nurse,patient,general ward,private ward,isolation ward,obse

15、rvation ward,consulting room,emergency room,out-patient department门诊部,in-patient department住院部,ambulance,allergy过敏,bruise/wound,dizzy,fever,infection,nausea,vomit,pain,itch,bum,chill,cough,cold/flu,a sore throat,high/low blood pressure,feel sick at ones stomach,have a stomachache,lose ones appetite，

16、pill,tablet,dose,capsule,antibiotic,digestive,sleeping pill;,Filling station and garage:fill up the tank,brake,emergency brake,steering wheel方向盘,battery,windscreen,a flat tire,gallon;Law and court:jury,judge,lawyer,case,sue,appeal,accuse sb.of sth.,charge sb.with sth.,be found guilty of,trial,senten

17、ce;Countries,states and cities:America,the States,California,New York,Alaska,Chicago,Washington,Los Angles,San Francisco,Hawaii,Atlanta,Boston,Britain,England,London,Canada,Ottawa,France,Paris,Italy,Rome,Spain,Australia,German,Greece,Athens;Direction:right,left,in front of,next to,close,beside,by,op

18、posite to,northwest,southwest,northeast,southeast,top,bottom,over,above,beneath,underneath,across the street,down the street,go straight,on(in,at)the corner.听力考试可能涉及的其它场所还有：train station,bus station,cinema,exhibition,concert,party,dancing ball,fashion show,garden,kitchen,barbers,hairdressers,BACK,3.

19、职业和身份题,这类题在本质上与地点题相似，都要凭借一些表示“身份职业”的特色词来判断说话人的身份和职业。这些特色词难度不大，而且在备考地点题型时熟悉的特色词对了解身份职业题也有帮助。但由于对话是在两个人之间进行的，所以听清问题所指非常重要，否则会出现张冠李戴。以下是常见的几类身份职业特色词与套语:(1)Doctors and patients:examination,prescribe,injection,operation.Whats the matter with you?I suffered(2)Teachers and students:textbook.Course,grade,ma

20、rk,examination,paper,test,assignment,homework,lesson,class,score,scholarship,pass,to fail,semester,credit,oral exam,written exam,make up an exam,school record.Any more questions?(3)Waiter or waitress,attendant,shop-assistant:menu,order,tip,on sale,for sale,marked price标价,discount,selling season,shop

21、ping hour.May I help you?May I take your order now?Would you like something else?Will this be cash or charge?,(4)Repairman:fix,garage,vacuum,air-conditioner,heater,refrigerator,washing machine,switch,plumberSomething is wrong with.(5)Postman:deliver,letter,parcel,mail,post,registered letter,post-car

22、d,mailbox,postage,airmail.(6)Police:speeding,traffic light,drivers license,fine,give a ticket to,accident,witness.(7)Taxi-driver:fare,meterWhere shall I take you?Where to?(8)Airport staff and customer:business class,economy class,first class,restricted article,single ticket,return ticket,seat belt,p

23、assport,free of duty.Do you have anything to declare?Anything dutiable?(9)Librarian:library card,periodical,journal,catalogue,book shelf,due,overdue,renew续借.(10)Bank clerk:balance,cash,check,overdraft,withdraw,deposit.,BACK,4日常生活活动题,Whats he/she doing?What had he/she intended to do?What are they tal

24、king about?日常活动既有独立题型，也常常含在其他题型中。它讨论各种各样的活动，如体育活动、旅游、家务、学校活动等。这些活动覆盖面广，但没有什么固定的词，所以必须听清对话中提到的那一点。当然，这类题目因为必须抓住动作点，所以难度并不是很大，关键是不能漏听。日常活动题没有固定的套语，所以平时要多积累一些词语，如常用的动词及短语。另外，熟悉前面提到的地点、身份特色词对解这类题也有帮助，因为知道在哪儿、什么人也就相当于知道可能在干什么。词语的积累对解题也有帮助，如体育活动的词语shot，ball，basketball,high jump,skate,ski等，还有休闲娱乐方面的词语plot,

25、movie,concert,hero,heroine,act,program,series,soap opera,show,fashion,scene,interesting,places,scenic spots等。也可以通过多读例句来增加解题敏感度。,5建议和请求题,一般建议、请求都有固定的说法。建议：You might as wellIf I were you,Id.Maybe you shouldShall we？LetsWhy not.？Why bother?Why dont you？Youd better.Youll have toHow about？请求：I wonder if？

26、Would you mind？Would you like to？Will you please？Could you do me a favor?How about.?Would it be possible if you？解这类题目时，注意力主要放在第二个人的谈话上，因为无论是建议还是请求，都会赞成和否定，所以第二个人的反应才是解题关键。,一般而言，表示赞同常用到的词、短语和句型有：yes,sure，of course,thanks,right,out of question,no problem,by all means(Thats)a good idea.Please do.Thank

27、you.Id love to,thanks.OK.Great idea!Its very nice of you doing so.I cant agree more.表示不赞同、不接受或反对常用到的词、短语和句型有：no,not really,not likely,sorry,not at all,no way,out of the questionNo,thanks.Thank you all the same.Its so kind of you,but.Id love to,but.Sorry,No,I dont think it is necessary.Im not sure.Pl

28、ease dont.I am afraid not.Its very well(for you to say），but,此外，一些短语、句型等可以含蓄地表达否定的意义，这类词有：never,scarcely,seldom,rarely,hardly,barely；unable,impossible,incapable,unnecessary,unbelievable,little；no one,nobody,none,nothing,neither,nor；dislike，ignore,fail,refuse,hate,stopfrom,miss,deny,overlook,keepfrom,

29、far from,anything but,without,instead of,(run)out of,short of,too.to，rather than,prefer.to,beyond,God knows等。最后要提醒考生注意的是：1）双重否定表示肯定意义，如not impossible,cant agree more,not unusual,no onenot等。(2）当all,every,many,always等与not同时出现在一句话中时，构成部分否定（或部分肯定），意思是“并非全都，不是每个”等。(3)虚拟语气表述的内容在事实上是不存在的（即对所表述的内 容是否定的）。(4）

30、“Why not?”的形式是否定的，但表示的是肯定的意思。例如：Why not use my phone?为什么不用我的电话？Why do?”的形式是肯定的，但表示的是否定的意思。例如：Why bother ring him?干吗费力给他打电话？（5)but引导的句子实际上就暗含了对前面的否定。,BACK,6因果关系题,因果关系题在听力考试中是比较难的，一是因为它的问题一般侧重于对原因的查考，而原因往往在第一句就讲掉了，所以考生常常容易忽略并遗忘；二是因为它的信号词很少，一般需要全部听完才能判断这是不是一道因果关系题。但无论如何，当听力中出现因果关系引导词时，我们就应该引起注意。请大家先熟悉下

31、面这些因果关系引导词和短语。表示因果关系的词有because,as,for,since，that,hence，therefore，consequently,cause(v.），reason等。表示因果关系的短语有due to,owing to,because of,thanks to,on account of,as a result,result from,result in,lead to,give rise to,contribute to,attribute to,now that,so that,sothat,suchthat,in order to,in order that,be

32、 responsible for等。,7.词组和短语题,听力理解部分常考词组和短语。由于某些短语的意思比较特殊，考生往往会陷入误区。平时应该积累一些常用短语，尤其是不同的介、动搭配。这类试题常涉及的短语（句型）有：Its out of question.没问题。Its out of the question.这是不可能的。I cant agree with you any more我完全赞同。Its up to you.这事由你决定。It depends.那要看情况而定了。Dont take it for granted.别想当然地以为如此。It is all very well to say

33、 that.说起来容易It is ones treat.该由某人请客.I have never seen a better(worse)one than that.我还没有见过比它更好（差）的。I wouldnt have missed it for anything!我无论如何也不会错过的！at ones convenience在某人方便的时候on the right track循着正确的路线be not in the moodbe in no mood没有心思,BACK,8虚拟语气题,(1)与过去情况相反的虚拟语气(2)与现在情况相反的虚拟语气(3)与将来情况相反的虚拟语气(4)倒装结构的

34、虚拟语气(5)wish,if only,would that;as if引导的虚拟语气(6)含蓄虚拟句(7)其他表示虚拟的固定结构,（1)与过去情况相反的虚拟语气,If（从句）主语had done,主语should/would/could/mighthave done.例如：If you had worked hard,you would have got that chance.If Tom had finished the task well,he might have got the honor.,（2)与现在情况相反的虚拟语气,If（从）句主语did.:.，主语would/could/

35、might动词原形例如：If I were you,I would not accept the invitation.If you worked hard,you would pass the exam.,（3）与将来情况相反的虚拟语气,If（从句）主语did/should动词原形/were to动词原形，主语should动词原形例如：If it rained,the sports meeting should be postponed.What should we do if we should fail/were to fail/failed to fulfill the plan in

36、 time?,(4)倒装结构的虚拟语气,省略if,将从句谓语部分的were，had,should放在句首，构成倒装结构。这种形式在听力题中很常见，而且有一定的难度。例如：Should he lend us a helping hand,he would do so.Had they started earlier,they could have reached the summit.,(5)wish,if only,would that;as if引导的虚拟语气,例如：If only I knew him!（I wish I knew him！）I wish I had started to

37、study mathematics years ago.,（6）含蓄虚拟句,有些虚拟句不含if,wish等词，而是利用某些特定的短语来表达虚拟的意思。例如：But for air and water,nothing could live.I was away that day.Otherwise I would have attended the meeting.Without your help,I would not finish the job.,(7）其他表示虚拟的固定结构,It is(high)time that somebody did something.该是某人做某事的时候了。

38、例如：It is high time that you left.would rather sb.did宁愿某人做某事。例如：I would rather you came tomorrow.请看下面的实例：M:I hope I wont oversleep.Ive simply got to catch the first flight to New York.W:If I were you,Id request the wake-up call from the hotel reception.Q:What does the woman advise the man to do?A)To

39、cancel his trip.B)To go to bed early.C)To catch a later flight.D）To ask for a wake-up call.本题的解题关键是听懂虚拟句If I were you,Id request the wake-up call from the hotel reception.（如果我是你，我会请旅馆服务台打叫醒电话。）女士的隐含意图是建议男士要叫醒电话，所以选D.,9含意推断题,含意推断题型主要根据两个对话者所谈的内容进行的推断，从更深层次上考查考生对于对话内容的理解程度。这种题型是听力理解中最重要的,同时也是最难懂得一种.解这

40、类题型时要注意以下几点：(1）听清语调表达的意义。降调：表示对事物的肯定；升调：表示对事物的怀疑、否定和不解。(2)委婉、否定和虚拟语气在含意推断题中所占比例不均，所以掌握这两种语法现象是正确解题的关键。(3)第二个讲话人的具体讲话内容往往也是解题的关键。,(4）可能用到英语国家的文化背景知识及常用的习语表达方式。明确要求听懂言外之意的典型问题是：What does the man/woman mean/suggest?例如：A)She agrees with the man.B)He should ask the typist about it.C)The typist is very go

41、od.D)The typist is not very good.对话原文是：M:I think we should replace the old typewriter.W:What not the typist?Q:What does the woman mean?男的认为应该更换那台旧打字机，而女的却反问道：“为什么不换打字员呢？”其言外之意是，那台打字机并没有什么问题，而是打字员不好，故应选D。,BACK,长对话,长对话是指两人就某一问题及事件进行的连续性交谈.每个对话约有十几句话,后面有三到四个问题.Listen to a sample解题技巧:1.从试卷发下到正式放音中间会有几分钟供考生浏览试题,这一段时间很宝贵,应将其利用好。2.对话的开头部分通常会出题目，一定要从一开始就集中注意力,不能有丝毫懈怠.3.提问的方式往往针对对话内容的细节部分,答案所涉及的内容都是明示信息。总之，长对话结合了短对话对问答句式,建议请求和关键场景的考察和长句子对文章层次和理解能力的要求。,BACK,