英语音标教学ppt.pptx

《英语音标教学ppt.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语音标教学ppt.pptx（68页珍藏版）》请在课桌文档上搜索。

1、音 标,工欲善其事必先利其器,想学好汉语，拼音至关重要,shall by too doll dull by too jack won.,小白兔到大白兔家玩,古的猫宁,Good morning!,三克油喂给马吃,Thank you very much.,想学好英语，音标至关重要,音节的划分,元音是音节的主体，是必要的。一个音节可以只是一个元音，如 I/ai/，are/a:/，也可以由一个元音和多个辅音构成，如bus/bs/，black/blk/。一个单词可以没有辅音，但必须有元音。一个元音一个音节。如果辅音重叠，即一个归前一个归后:ap-ple,rab-bit,sor-ry,hap-py。前一个

2、音节为闭音节。以元音字母结尾的音节叫开音节；以辅音字母结尾的音节叫闭音节。,音 标英语共有48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。英语辅音和元音在语言中的作用相当于汉语中的声母和韵母。记录英语音素的符号叫做音标。音标放在两条斜线（/），以免和字母混淆。,国际音标,元音,分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。,单元音,双元音,前元音,中元音,后元音,/i:/,/I/,/e/,/,/:/,/,/,/u:/,/,/:/,/,/:/,/eI/,/aI/,/I/,/I/,/e/,/,/a/,/,辅音,爆破音,磨檫音,鼻 音,半元音,舌边音,/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/

3、g/,/f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/,/,/,/,/h/,/r/,/m/,/n/,/,/l/,/w/,/j/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/,/t/,/,破擦音,单元音：“单元音435，前中后分得清；长音：短音无”,前元音/i:/e/中元音/:/后元音/:/:/u:/,单元音/i:/,疯狂外号：穿针引线长衣音，简称“长衣音”舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭尽量抬起，舌部肌肉紧张，嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平型，像微笑一样。,he/hi/eve we bee/bi/sheep week keep tea/ti/eat seat leave receive/rsiv/thief/if/field b

4、elieve police/plis/machine key.,单元音/I/-/i/,疯狂外号：经典收小腹减肥短衣音，简称“短衣音”舌尖抵下齿,舌前部比i:稍低,嘴唇扁平分开。上下齿之 间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。,big/bg/pig dig copy/kp/gym pity expect/kspekt/minute/mnt/village private build/bld/guitar honey/hn/monkey women/wmn/foreign busy,听辨练习,()a bread,eat,send a(),gift,to()to a speech,listen,lose

5、a(),key,Seeing is believing.眼见为实Thats a deal.一言为定。None of your business.不关你的事。You are kidding.你在开玩笑吧。Speaking English is a piece of cake.说英语是小菜一碟 Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。Please feel free to visit anytime.请尽管随时采访。Please feel free to ask for any help anytime.需要帮忙尽管说,clean，each，peac

6、h，feel,with cheese，middle，hill，miss，listen，key,bit，gift，history，beach,meet,big,meter,把含有/i:/的单词找出来clean,each,peachcheese,beach,meet,feel,meter,key,把含有/I/的单词找出来:with，middle，hill，miss，listen，bit，gift，history，big,语音回顾,元音/e/疯狂外号：“小开口45度”音，简称为“45度”音。,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭稍抬起，开口比/i/大些，上下齿之间可容纳一个食指尖，口型自然放松，双唇稍扁。,ge

7、t/get/desk cent help best any/en/many weather/we/head bread heavensaid/sed/friend guest/gest/,单元音/疯狂外号：“大开口夸张90度音”，简称“90度大嘴音”,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比/e/低些开口比/e/大些。可以容纳食指和中指，双唇向两旁平伸。咽喉有收缩。,例词：bad cat fat apple that happychat family,听辨练习,1.mess 2.miss 3.bit 4.question 5.step by step 6.little by little 7.look a

8、t a map 8.catch a coldBetter late than never.迟做总比不做好。Better an empty purse than an empty head.宁可一文不名，不可胸无点墨。East or west,home is best.金窝银窝不如自己的草窝。Dont let the cat out of the bag.天机不可泄露。Every bean has its black.凡人各有其短处。,前元音发音规律/i:/I/e/,舌尖抵下齿舌前部抬起的高度逐步降低牙床张开的程度逐渐加大常见问题/和/aI/，同汉语“哎”容易混淆 例如：bet bat bite

9、,单元音/:/,舌身平放，舌尖中部抬起至中间位置，牙床开的较窄，嘴唇展开程度似/i:/birth first shirt third her service person work worst worth fur hurt nurse turnearly learn earth search journey course,单元音/疯狂外号：“轻读卷舌音”简称“短鹅音”,下巴及嘴唇要尽量放松，不要张开过大，更不要向两侧分开，舌尖中部抬起，比/:/低，双唇扁平。此音俗称“懒音”，张口即可发出。以至于发出类似汉语“呃”的声音。,terrible possible library along brea

10、kfast correct seldom protect welcome teacher water September sugar Sauthor visitor aturday,单词精读练习,bird/b:d/鸟 work/w:k/工作 nurse/n:s/护士 shirt/:t/衬衫 early/:li/早的 earth/:/地球 ago/gu/以前 sofa/suf/沙发 mother/m/母亲 actor/kt/演员computer/kmpju:t/电脑Nobody is perfect.人无完人。The early bird catches the worm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。Th

11、e faster,the better.Forget about it.算了吧。Allow me to introduce myself.请容许我介绍一下我自己。,单元音/:/疯狂外号：“感叹祖国大好山河音”,口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身平放后缩，舌尖离开下齿，口张开，开口最大下巴收低一点，轻松发音。与“啊”发音有点像。,star park far car dark card bath after answer class father calm half clerk heart aunt laugh,元音/疯狂外号：“经典收小腹减肥急促短啊音。”简称“短啊音”。,舌头后部的靠前部分稍微抬起，舌尖和

12、舌端两侧触及下齿。双唇向两旁平伸。,subject cup duck study hurryfront son love come money enough young double cousin flood blood,It takes a lot of hard work.这需要很多的辛勤劳动。So far,so good,到目前为止还好。Dont break my heart.请不要伤我的心。Love me,love my dog.爱屋及乌。Seven is my lucky number.七是我的幸运数字。Something is better than nothing.有总比没有强。

13、,元音/:/疯狂外号：“中嘴卷舌长元音”简称“中嘴卷舌音”,舌尖离开下齿，双唇向外突出成圆形，稍稍收圆，介于开闭，圆唇之间。,horse short north always although water ball walk caught daughter autumn law before more board broad floor door four fought bought ought,Im looking forward to meeting you.我盼望着认识你。Force yourself to do more.强迫你自己做多一些。Pride goes before a fa

14、ll.骄傲使人落后。,元音/疯狂外号：“中嘴长元音”,舌尖离开下齿，舌身尽量降低、后缩，开口大，几乎同/a:/，双唇稍稍收圆。,stop knock clock job long what want cough knowledge borrow sausage becauseArt is long,life is short.生命短暂，艺术永恒。You talk too much.Shut up!你说的太多了，闭嘴！,元音/u:/疯狂外号：“小圆唇长乌音”，简称“长乌音”。,嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。舌后部向上抬起，嘴巴要收的又小又圆，并且向外突出。与汉语中的“呜”音很像。,do w

15、ho lose tooth shoe group through soup rude June flew fruit blue Who can tell me the truth?谁能告诉我真相？You have to improve your English.,单元音/u/疯狂外号：“经典收小腹减肥圆唇短乌音”,嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些。注意嘴巴的形状，嘴巴张开略向前突出，舌头后部略向上抬起，发短促音即可。,book push foot/fut/book/buk/wood/wud/木头 good/gud/Your mother is a wonderful woman.你妈妈是

16、个了不起的女人。Too much television is not good for children.看太多电视对孩子们没有什么好处,你还记得前面出现过那些单元音吗?,/i:/,/I/,/e/,/,/:/,/,/,/u:/,/,/:/,/,/:/,gradelakemake,snackplanmatch,necksendrest,beeffreezeGreece,A,E,I,/,/e/,/ei/,/i:/,/ai/,/i/,O,u,/u:/,/ju:/,/,/u/,/,双元音,/eI/,/aI/,/I/,/I/,/e/,/a/,/,双元音/eI/,/e/重读，/I/轻读，口形由半开到合，与

17、字母 A发音相同。,cake shake snake lake make safe paid main failday may eight break great,Dont make the same mistake.别再犯同样的错误。No pain,no gain.不劳则无获。The more mistakes you make,the more progress you make.你犯的错误越多，你的进步就越大。,双元音/aI/“大嘴阿姨音”,口形由开到合，牙齿由全开过度到全闭。将口张开略圆，舌后微升，舌尖向后收缩，由/a/平稳过渡到/I/音。,side time idea style t

18、ype fly cry night high light lie tie either buy eyeThat sounds like a good idea.听上去是个好主意。Like father,like son.有其父必有其子Time flies.光阴飞逝 Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同,/ei/和/ai/发音对比练习,/ei/ai/hey high kate catlake like nail Nile rate rite bake bike,/ai/fight fatmight matheight hatright ratbite bat,双元音/I/

19、,双唇外突成圆形，发/音，逐渐过渡为双唇扁平分开，发/短音。注意：由圆唇变成扁唇。,enjoy boy avoidvoicenoise point coin oil,You have to enjoy losing face.你必须学会热爱丢脸。,双元音/au/,口型由/a/向/u/滑动，双唇逐渐收圆，舌后部稍稍抬起。,now how cow out ground around mouse flower power our hour,Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。Many drops make a shower.积少成多。There is no smoke without

20、 fire.无风不起浪。,双元音/,由/向/u/滑动。发音过程中下颚稍抬高，双唇由扁平收圆。与字母 O的发音相同。,so home told logo throw show slow load boat soap though shoulder toe,All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。He grows old他变老了,双元音/i/,从/i/很快滑向/。注意发/i/时的双唇扁平，发音过程中，双唇稍稍展开,idea theatre really ear dear clear beer deer here hair pear chair,双元音/e/,口型从/e/向/滑

21、动。.,bear wear pear pair hair chair there where area parent their share care,Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者，事竟成,双元音/,前重后轻，口型从/u/快滑向/。嘴唇由收圆到半开，口形由合到开，双唇由圆到扁平。,usual February tour sure during,半元音,/w/j/u/i/（音质近似元音，功能为辅音功能-不能构成音节核心。半元音没有音长。）,/w/双唇音。舌后部向软腭抬起，双唇收圆而小，并向前突出。该音一经发出立刻向后面的元音滑动,(没有音长)。

22、(注意区别/w/-/v/),/w/：单词听读练习：west away twice when what quick quite one once language谚语：Once bitten,twice shy.一朝被蛇咬十年怕井绳 Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。,/j/硬腭音。舌前部尽量向硬腭抬起，双唇向两旁伸展成扁平形。该音一经发出立刻向后面的元音滑动。,单词听读练习：year young you your yolk unit use feud new beauty谚语：No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。,

23、清、浊辅音对照,/p/、/b/爆破音。双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔发音。/p/:清辅音，发音时声带不振动；/b/:浊辅音，发音时声带振动。,单词听读练习:play people pig peep keep cup deep apple map help big bus beat beep bell web lab rabbit cabbage Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧a piece of paper一张纸 pay the bill付账单Please book a room for Paul.请给保罗订个房间。Beauty and the Beast 美女与

24、野兽Forbidden City 紫禁城,/t/、/d/爆破音。舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然下降，气流冲出口腔发音。/t/:清辅音，发音时声带不动；/d/:浊辅音，发音时声带振动。tea test what eat better fat hot do day dog bed middle Time and tide wait for no man.时间不等人Dont depend on anybody.不要依靠任何人。Im glad you did that.我很高兴你那么做了。,/k/、/g/爆破音。舌后部隆起，紧贴软腭，形成阻碍，然后突然离开，气流冲出口腔发音。/k/清辅音，声带不振

25、动；/g/浊辅音，声带振动。,单词听读练习：cat cot cut clinic clock kick key work character six fax technical exercise expert go give dig leg egg beggar giggle guide exam exhaust example谚语：One can not set back the clock.光阴一去不复返。A good name is worth more than gold.美名无价。,/f/、/v/唇齿音。下唇轻触上齿，气流从唇齿间的缝隙中通过引起摩擦发音。/f/:清辅音，发音时声带不

26、振动；/v/:浊辅音，发音时声带振动。,单词听读练习：fix flat feel half cliff phone photo enough laugh very vest vivid love move clever 谚语：First come,first served.先来后到。Forgive and forget.勿念旧恶。,/s/、/z/摩擦音。舌端接近齿龈，但不要紧贴，气流由舌端和齿龈间流出，摩擦发音。/s/:清辅音，发音时声带不振动；/z/:浊辅音，发音时声带振动。sick bus six fax miss kiss rice face science process cite c

27、ycle zoo his has easyplease example Self do,self have.自作自受。,/、/3/摩擦音。舌前部抬起，舌身抬起靠近上腭，形成狭长通道，气流由此通过摩擦发音。双唇稍向前突出，略成喇叭形。/:清辅音，声带不振动；狮/3/:浊辅音，声带振动；日ship wash sure pressure machine situation patient social delicious ocean usual vision measure treasure garage,/t/、/d/破擦音。舌尖舌端抬起贴住上齿龈后部，形成阻碍，气流冲破阻碍摩擦发音。冲破阻碍后，

28、舌和齿龈间仍保持一个狭缝。(做爆破音/t/d/准备)/t/:清辅音，声带不振动；/d/:浊辅音，声带振动。chat cheat catch watch picture job danger suggest page judge bridge adjust soldier,/tr/、/dr/破擦音。摆好发 r 的舌位，然后舌尖上翘贴在上齿龈后部发出短促的t 后立即发r。(做爆破音/t/d/准备)tr:清辅音，声带不振动；dr:浊辅音，声带振动。tree try truck trade trace stress strong street factory history dream drop dr

29、y hundred,/、/舌齿音。舌尖在上下齿间，略微伸出气流由舌齿间的窄缝流出，摩擦发音。/:清辅音，声带不振动；/:浊辅音，声带振动。think thirsty throat health north death teeth than this the these though father other with Good health is above wealth.无病就是富。They who know nothing fear nothing.初生牛犊不怕虎。,/ts/、/dz/,单词听读练习：cats dates hats pets sits meets fights hands

30、friends sands sends leads reads谚语：A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口（此两破擦音一般只出现在单词末尾，因变化而得）,/m/、/n/、/：鼻辅音。/m/：双唇音。双唇自然合上，舌身平放。气流从鼻腔 流出，同时振动声带，形成浊辅音m,声音响亮。n：齿龈鼻音。舌尖紧贴上齿龈，气流从鼻腔流出，同时振动声带，形成n音，声音响亮。：发音时的舌位和发k g音相同。气流从鼻腔流出，同时振动声带。,单词听读练习：must mom mat make film team not name answer dance man one sing song

31、 young drink bank 注：字母 n 在字母 k,g 前发/音 Its never too late to learn.活到老学到老。,/h/:声门摩擦音。口自然张开，气流不受阻碍自由冲出口腔，只在通过声门的时候产生摩擦发音。口型依后面的元音而变化。声带不振动。hat his head happy who whole Mr.White,Wh-:/w/:what where which when/h/:who whom whose/hw/:white why where(美式发音)He who has an art has everywhere a part.一招鲜，吃遍天。,/r/

32、:舌尖向上卷起，停在口腔中央，舌前部下陷成凹形，舌身两侧收拢，双唇略突出，气流从舌面与硬腭间流出发音。read road sorry Friday write wrong,/l/舌侧音 清晰/l/：用在原音前。舌端紧抵上齿龈，舌前向硬腭抬起形成阻碍，气流从舌的两侧发出，故名“舌侧音”look left early feeling believe hello college,含糊的/l/：出现在辅音前后和词尾。舌尖紧抵上齿龈，舌中下陷，舌后上抬，舌面形成凹槽，气流从舌两侧流出发音。tall ball tell apple help build fail file feel fill fell fall(此音是难点，发不好会成原音而无法和后面的原音连读。),谚语：Live and learn.活到老学到老。Like will find like.物以类聚。Self-help is the best help.自力更生最保险。Its no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。,语音知识介绍(辅音字组),语音知识介绍(辅音字组),语音知识介绍(辅音字组),语音知识介绍(辅音字组),