机械设计理论--中英文翻译.docx
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1、英文资料翻译MechanicalDesignTheoryMachinedesigntheoryThemachinedesignisthroughdesignsthenewproductorimprovestheoldproducttomeetthehumanneedtheapplicationtechnicalscience.Itinvolvestheprojecttechnologyeachdomain,mainlystudiestheproductthesize,theshapeandthedetailedstructurebasicidea,butalsomuststudytheprod
2、uctthepersonnelwhichinaspecttheandsoonmanufacture,saleandusequestion.Carriesoneachkindofmachinedesignworktobeusuallycalleddesignsthepersonnelormachinedesignengineer.Themachinedesignisacreativework.Projectengineernotonlymusthavethecreativityinthework,butalsomustinaspectandsoonmechanicaldrawing,kinema
3、tics,engineeringmaterial,materialsmechanicsandmachinemanufacturetechnologyhasthedeepelementaryknowledge.Iffrontsues,themachinedesigngoalistheproductioncanmeetthehumanneedtheproduct.Theinvention,thediscoveryandtechnicalknowledgeitselfcertainlynotnecessarilycanbringtheadvantagetothehumanity,onlyhaswhe
4、ntheyareappliedcanproduceontheproductthebenefit.Thus,shouldrealizetocarriesonbeforethedesigninaspecificproduct,mustfirstdeterminewhetherthepeopledoneedthiskindofproductMustregardasthemachinedesignisthemachinedesignpersonnelcarriesonusingcreativeabilitytheproductdesign,thesystemanalysisandaformulatio
5、nproductmanufacturetechnologygoodopportunity.Graspstheprojectelementaryknowledgetohavetomemorizesomedataandtheformulaismoreimportantthan.Themerelyservicedataandtheformulaisinsufficienttothecompletelydecisionwhichmakesinagooddesignneeds.Ontheotherhand,shouldbeearnestpreciselycarriesonalloperations.Fo
6、rexample,evenifplaceswrongadecimalpointposition,alsocancausethecorrectdesigntoturnwrongly.Agooddesignpersonnelshoulddaretoproposethenewidea,moreoveriswillingtoundertakethecertainrisk,whenthenewmethodisnotsuitable,useoriginalmethod.Therefore,designsthepersonneltohavetohavetohavethepatience,becausespe
7、ndsthetimeandtheendeavorcertainlycannotguaranteebringssuccessfully.Abrand-newdesign,therequestscreenabandonsobsoletelymany,knowsverywellthemethodforthepeople.Becausemanypersonofconservativeness,doesthiscertainlyisnotaneasymatter.Amechanicaldesignershouldunceasinglyexploretheimprovementexistingproduc
8、tthemethod,shouldearnestlychooseoriginally,theprocessconfirmationprincipleofdesigninthisprocess,withhasnotunifieditaftertheconfirmationnewidea.Newlydesignsitselfcanhavethequestionoccurrencewhichmanyflawsandhasnotbeenabletoexpect,onlyhasaftertheseflawsandthequestionaresolved,canmanifestnewgoodscomein
9、tothemarkettheproductsuperiority.Therefore,aperformancesuperiorproductisbornatthesametime,alsoisfollowingahigherrisk.Shouldemphasize,ifdesignsitselfdoesnotrequesttousethebrand-newmethod,isnotunnecessarymerelyforthegoalwhichtransformtousethenewmethod.Inthedesignpreliminarystage,shouldallowtodesignthe
10、personnelfullytodisplaythecreativity,noteachkindofrestraint.Evenifhashadmanyimpracticalideas,alsocaninthedesignearlytime,namelyinfrontoftheplanblueprintiscorrected.Onlythen,onlythendoesnotsendtostopsuptheinnovationthementality.Usually,mustproposeseveralsetsofdesignproposals,thenperformthecomparison.
11、Hasthepossibilityverymuchintheplanwhichfinallydesignated,hasusedcertainnotinplansomeideaswhichaccepts.Howdoesthepsychologistfrequentlydiscusscausesthemachinewhichthepeopleadaptsthemtooperate.Designspersonne,sbasicresponsibilityisdiligentlycausesthemachinetoadaptthepeople.Thiscertainlyisnotaneasywork
12、,becausecertainlydoesnothavetoallpeopletosayinfactallisthemostsuperioroperatingareaandtheoperatingprocess.Anotherimportantquestion,projectengineermustbeabletocarryontheexchangeandtheconsultationwithotherconcernedpersonnel.Intheinitialstage,designsthepersonneltohavetocarryontheexchangeandtheconsultat
13、iononthepreliminarydesignwiththeadministrativepersonnel,andisapproved.Thisgenerallyisthroughtheoraldiscussion,theschematicdiagramandthewritingmaterialcarrieson.Inordertocarryontheeffectiveexchange,needstosolvethefollowingproblem:(1) designswhetherthisproducttrulydoesneedforthepeople?Whetherthereisco
14、mpetitiveability(2) doesthisproductcomparewithothercompaniesexistingsimilarproducts?(3) producesthiskindofproductiswhethereconomical?(4) productserviceiswhetherconvenient?(5) productwhetherthereissale?Whethermaygain?Onlyhasthetimetobeabletoproducethecorrectanswertoabovequestion.But,theproductdesign,
15、themanufactureandthesaleonlycanincarryontotheabovequestionpreliminaryaffirmationanswerfoundationin.Projectengineeralsoshouldthroughthedetaildrawingandtheassemblydrawing,carriesontheconsultationtogetherwiththebranchofmanufacturetothefinallydesignproposal.Usually,canhavesomeprobleminthemanufactureproc
16、ess.Possiblycanrequesttosomecomponentssizeorthecommondifferencemakessomechanges,causesthecomponentstheproductiontochangeeasily.But,intheprojectchangemusthavetopassthroughdesignsthepersonneltoauthorize,guaranteedcannotdamagetheproductthefunction.Sometimes,wheninfrontofproductassemblyorinthepackingfor
17、eignshipmentexperimentonlythendiscoversinthedesignsomekindofflaw.Theseinstancesexactlyshowedthedesignisadynamicprocess.Alwayshasabettermethodtocompletethedesignwork,designsthepersonneltobesupposedunceasinglydiligently,seeksthesebettermethod.Recentyear,theengineeringmaterialchoicealreadyappearedimpor
18、tantly.Inaddition,thechoiceprocessshouldbetothematerialcontinuouslytheunceasingagainappraisalprocess.Thenewmaterialunceasinglyappears,butsomeoriginalmaterialscanobtainthequantitypossiblycanreduce.Theenvironmentalpollution,materialrecyclingaspectandsoonuse,worker,shealthandsecurityfrequentlycanattach
19、thenewlimitingconditiontothechoiceofmaterial.Inordertoreducetheweightorsavestheenergy,possiblycanrequesttheusedifferentmaterial.Comesfromdomesticandinternationalcompetition,toproductservicemaintenanceconveniencerequestenhancementandcustomersaspecttheandsoonfeedbackpressure,canurgethepeopletocarryont
20、othematerialreappraises.Becausethematerialdoesnotselectwhencreatedtheproductresponsibilitylawsuit,hasalreadyhadtheprofoundinfluence.Inaddition,thematerialandbetweenthematerialprocessinginterdependenceisalreadyknownbythepeopleclearly.Therefore,inordertocanandguaranteesthequalityinthereasonablecostund
21、erthepremisetoobtainsatisfactiontheresult,projectengineermakesengineersalltohaveearnestlycarefullytochoose,thedeterminationandtheusematerial.Makesanyproductthefirststepofworkallisdesigns.Designsusuallymaydivideintoseveralexplicitstages:(a)preliminarydesign;(b)functionaldesign;(c)productiondesign.Int
22、hepreliminarydesignstage,thedesigneremphaticallyconsideredtheproductshouldhavefunction.Usuallymustconceiveandconsiderseveralplans,thendecidedthiskindofthoughtiswhetherfeasible;Ifisfeasible,thenshouldmakesthefurtherimprovementtoorseveralplans.Inthisstage,thequestionwhichonlymustconsideraboutthechoice
23、ofmaterialis:Whetherhastheperformancetoconformtotherequestmaterialtobepossibletosupplythechoice;Ifno,whetherhasabiggerassuranceallpermitsinthecostandthetimeinthelimitdevelopsonekindofnewmaterial.Inthefunctionaldesignandtheengineeringdesignstage,needstomakeapracticalfeasibledesign.Mustdrawupthequitec
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