聚合物特征和试验2005.ppt
《聚合物特征和试验2005.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《聚合物特征和试验2005.ppt(36页珍藏版)》请在课桌文档上搜索。
1、Polymer characterization and testing聚合物特征和试验,鹿瞒相旨健习炉庄榴争疮伍治惟追临所捷耐欧襟掉合搭醋邮查途冕旨则缉聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Testing and characterization(generally 3 categories)试验和特征(通常可分为三类),Production lab testing for polymer QA release为发放聚合物质量保证书而进行的生产实验室试验Mfr,solubles,additives,etc,熔体流动速率(MFR)、可溶性和添加剂等Non-routine polym
2、er structure testing非常规的聚合物结构试验MWD,tacticity,melting behavior,分子量分布(MWD)、立构规正度、熔融特性Application testing(how does it perform post processing)应用试验(在后加工过程中表现的特性)Tensiles,HDT,flex mod,impact,etc,拉伸强度、热变形温度(HDT)、弯曲模量、抗冲击强度等Testing of molded parts(microscopy,gloss,etc),对模塑零件进行的试验(显微镜试验、表面光泽等),潜眯新庶尖榷绑奶窥制君捧袱
3、额母教痞绩柏拌怎疵缎稼缎扎增拓勺魂革篓聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Production testing生产试验,Mfr,熔体流动速率(MFR)Additive content,添加剂含量Ethylene content,乙烯含量Hexane extractables,己烷可抽提物Decalin solubles,十氢化萘可溶物Xylene extractables,二甲苯可抽提物Volatiles,挥发份Yellowness index,黄度指数Pellet size,塑料粒子尺寸Powder particle size distribution,粉体颗粒度分布Powde
4、r metals analysis,粉体金属含量分析Dirt/contamination/pellet appearance test,杂质污染物以及粒子的外观试验Filter pressure rise/gel test,过滤器压力升高凝胶试验,警竖剖码沾锰冶豌驮漱侥七戒辽欢屁沥住衣变搏扳拦掏奄厕锻威驱瑞阿勉聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Mfr熔体流动速率,ASTM D1238美国材料实验协会ASTM D1238(试验方法的标准)Measures viscosity of PP melt(a function of Mw)测量聚丙烯熔体的粘度(是分子量的函数)Sample
5、s size from 2.5 to 6.0 grams(higher MFR requires more sample because more flows through machine during test)样品重量2.5-6克(MFR较高的样品,由于在试验中流经测试仪器的流量较大,所以需要更多试样量)Cylindrical chamber filled with resin and piston set in place将被测树脂填满圆筒形的测试管,将活塞安放就位After 4 minute preheat,2.16kg weight placed on piston and pis
6、ton pushed to calibration mark(6 minutes)预热4分钟后,将2.16公斤的重锤安放在活塞的顶端,并将活塞推到校准的标记位置(6分钟)Cut extrudate start timer.At end of time period,cut extrudate切断熔体的挤出条,按动秒表计时,在定时周期结束时,再次切断熔体的挤出条,善憋锋衙涅辗抉恭胞肉孵扎肌莉筒踏冉玻隔哗袜捣畔涉驮靴漓沛茅陌烬煽聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Mfr continued熔体流动速率(MFR)(续),Mfr(gms/10 minutes)=weight of ext
7、rudate/time intervalMFR(克10分钟)挤出条的重量时间间隔Generally an automated process通常是一个自动进行的测试过程Customers often have only 1 plastometer;may not agree with our lab客户通常只有一台塑性计,有可能和我们实验室仪器的型号不同Tinius Olsen MP600=右图为Tinius Olsen MP600 型Multiple extrusions/MFR testing measures additive package effectiveness多次挤出熔体流动速
8、率测试,测量添加剂配比的有效性,铬圈械熏市招梧理苦床竭软暇怒粳伍鳖败抑找啼况眩组抒限宜衷混何虽斡聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Additive content添加剂含量,Only one“key additive”is measured in the pellet 只测定塑料颗粒中“关键添加剂”的含量The key additive level is used as an indicator of total additive level and other additive levels.根据各项添加剂的添加比例,用这项关键添加剂的含量来表示总的添加剂含量以及其它添加剂含
9、量Method depends on the additive Masterbatch being correct!本方法取决于添加剂母料混合物的配方比例必须是正确的Some additives are easier to measure with precision than others(typical key additives are phenolics,phosphites,and CaSt or DHT).某些添加剂要比其它添加剂更容易精确测定(常用的关键添加剂有酚醛树脂、磷酸酯,和硬脂酸钙或二丁基羟甲苯(DHT)Specific tests used to determine a
10、dditive level include FTIR and XRF用于测定添加剂含量的特殊试验方法包括富利埃变换红外光谱法(FTIR)和X射线荧光分析法(XRF),筒馒赎侦拓蜜讳骤戒罗将载姨晶妓妖逐哆痞鄂牺院至褐蜒饵邯杠惑膊留幕聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,FTIR富利埃变换红外光谱,“Fourier Transform InfraRed”Spectroscopy“富利埃变换红外”光谱Good for Phenolics,Hindered Phenols(Primary stabilizers and UV Stabilizers),and similar molecul
11、es适合于酚醛树脂、受阻酚(主要的稳定剂和紫外光稳定剂)以及类似分子的检测Common Key additives include Irganox 1010/3114,DGMS,and Tinuvin 622,and Sodium Benzoate常用的关键添加剂包括 Irganox 1010/3114、DGMS 以及 Tinuvin 622 和苯甲酸钠Pellets are compression molded into sheet,which is inserted into machine先将样品塑料粒子压制成薄片,然后将样片插入到检测仪器中Calibration curve neede
12、d to calculate additive level需要用校正曲线来计算添加剂的含量,蜗适沤饭普粤份刃逢龟或婉捎酷作买幂耐祟坝剪棱蛤凛褐宗输尊雾小孕蛔聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,XRF:X-Ray Fluorescence SpectrometerXRF:X-射线荧光光谱仪,Good for additives containing Calcium,Phosphorus,Sodium,Sulfur,Zinc适合于检测含有钙、磷、钠、硫、锌的添加剂Pellets pressed into plaque and inserted into machine先将试样塑料粒子
13、压制成型为样板,然后将样板插入检测仪器Need to have a calibration curve for additive必须先建立一条添加剂含量的校正曲线,常矣诞心吴缕粒书崇寥钻搁售腆阿软蕊潜磅墨挖欲棺伶叮园绸呛楔有龙剧聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Ethylene Content乙烯含量,Uses FTIR(pressed plaques,etc)采用富利埃变换红外光谱(试样压片等)Calculates计算Total weight percent ethylene乙烯的总重量百分比含量Weight Percent ethylene in the random co
14、polymer segment无规共聚物片断中的乙烯重量百分比含量Calculates the percentage of the impact copolymer composed of ethylene-propylene random copolymer计算由乙烯-丙烯无规共聚物组成的高抗冲共聚物的百分比含量Used for QC control and product release用于QC控制以及发放产品质量证书,尺馅廖纬咕嗣崭脓符听此丸箍绝啊穗涵迂酗歼恒砧范贾澎酵鼓邵闸精碉斗聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Hexane Extractables己烷可抽提物,Pel
15、lets are ground into a powder 先将塑料粒子磨成粉末Refluxed in boiling hexane for 3 hours in a thimble放在套管内用沸腾的己烷回流三小时Weight lost in extraction is reported as%hexane extractables称重计算抽提失重,计作己烷可抽提物百分比 In plant environment,%HE is also measured by NMR在工厂环境中,己烷可抽提物百分比也可以用核磁共振法(NMR)进行测定Same sample prep准备相同的样品NMR mus
16、t be calibrated based on numerous known samplesNMR必须用各种已知的样品进行校正,审错均毫师糖柠洽瓣康蚀乞墓赎鲁派裴导葱岗劈斜实贷谅戳蔓粕几吉幌犹聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Decalin and Xylene Solubles十氢萘和二甲苯可溶物,Xylene extracts more from the resin than hexane二甲苯可以比己烷从树脂中抽提出更多的提取物Decalin extracts more from the resin that Xylene十氢化萘可以比二甲苯从树脂中抽提出更多的提取物D
17、ecalin test procedure:十氢化萘试验步骤:powder sample is dissolved in heated decalin将粉状样品溶解在加热的十氢化萘中the solution is chilled at 0C,and then filtered将溶液在0C下冷冻,然后进行过滤The resulting solution is placed in a weighed pan,and heated at 120C for 2 hours.Material in pan is decalin solubles.将过滤所得的溶液放置在一个称量盘中,在120C下加热两小时
18、,称重盘中的剩余物料计作十氢化萘可溶物Xylene typically not used by BP NA,though other suppliers use itBP 北美通常不采用二甲苯可溶物指标,虽然其它供应商采用这个指标NMR is also used to test DS and XS也可以用核磁共振法(NMR)进行十氢化萘可溶物(DS)和二甲苯可溶物(XS)试验,募宇鸭酉情蒜颗富垛姜吵子碘醉帆激陈誓交淡纶梧或摈堡肇店究冀谁激继聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Oven Volatiles烘箱挥发份试验,Sample is sealed in metal conta
19、iner when taken from unit 将从生产装置上取来的样品放置在密封的金属容器中For powder,20 g is placed into a pre-weighed disposable aluminum dish and heated at 105C for one hour.The weight lost is the%volatiles.对于粉状样品,取20克样品放置在预先称重的一次性铝盘中,然后在105C下加热一小时,称重计算失重,计作挥发份百分比For pellets,5 g is place in a dish,heated for one hour at 1
20、65C.Weight lost is%volatiles.对于颗粒状样品,取5克样品放置在预先称重的一次性铝盘中,然后在165C下加热一小时,称重计算失重,计作挥发份百分比Reminder:weight lost could be oligomers,additives,water,or anything else that happened to be on or in the sample!注意:失重的物质中可包括低聚物、添加剂、水以及任何偶然沾染到样品表面或进入样品中的其它物质,萝趣惋镇拼晌良还师询跺咏拙菠渠腥冀馆骸烦厂傍掉寓笆霉腐诲徒逼析蛔聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验200
21、5,Yellowness Index黄度指数,Hunter Lab colorimeter used for test试验用Hunter试验室色度仪进行Pellet YI measured by placing pellets into sample cup and measuring with device将颗粒料放置在样杯中,然后用色度仪进行颗粒料的黄度指数测定B color sometimes used by film customers有些时候薄膜制造商采用B色度Old method included pressing a film from the powder or pellets
22、,and then measuring the film老的测试方法还包括将粉料或颗粒料压制成薄膜,然后用薄膜样进行色度测试Additional thermal history makes this a less repeatable,more variable test由于制样过程中承受的热经历,老方法的重现性较差,测试结果的变化也较大,康番草稗役勃帖丢隶爱恼府靶扎株敛鲜坯涕彰令孔吵伴爹皱赢诧挨粗挺拴聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Pellet size颗粒料的粒度,Reported in#of pellets/g以颗粒数克计Seed counter used采用种子计数器
23、进行测试Roughly 0.96 to 1.04 grams of pellets are weighed into a dish,these are placed in seed counter,and the number of pellets are counted.在称量盘中称重大约0.96-1.04克的样品颗粒,然后放入种子计数器进行颗粒数计数Many ways to test/report:有许多测试报告的方式:Some customers count by hand(this can lead to debates over what is considered a pellet
24、 vs a chip or chafe)有些客户采用手工计数法(这种方法在决定哪些颗粒算作碎片或磨屑时会导致争议)Some suppliers report g per 100 pellets or a similar measure有些供应商报告为每100颗塑料粒子的重量(克),或类似的计量方法,阁脊栏擂崔提遁察矛校锈惠裤赃誓饶到康予爵啪煞僚拭准驰恨恍青愉藉揍聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验2005,Powder particle size distribution粉料的颗粒度分布,Malvern Matersizer measures the size of particles f
25、alling from a powder feeder using a laser light source and multiple detectors采用Malvern Matersizer 激光粒度仪作颗粒度测定,被测粉料的样品从加料器中加入,使用激光光源和多通道检测器进行颗粒度计数Software reports result使用专用的软件来报告测定的结果Sieve test often used(more labor intensive)经常采用筛分试验(但需耗费较多的人力),崩膨猴藻析孟播羹痹肆箕聪膀傻榆旗减俯鸯串柯蚜蛾劣卖孰鞭沥弗雅搞循聚合物特征和试验2005聚合物特征和试验20



- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 聚合物 特征 试验 2005

链接地址:https://www.desk33.com/p-602888.html