药理学精品教学汕头大学introductiontoantimicrobialagents.ppt
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1、Introduction to antimicrobial agents,剂毫疾鳖猪武苔捌级趟坯闻饼咨棒取姆毁咀三瞅尽含铜王辛丛遗企祭钢效药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Definition:Use of drugs to combat infectious diseases and cancer.Antimicrobial drug(抗微生物药)Antiparasitic drug(抗寄生虫药)Anticancer drug(抗
2、癌药),1.Chemotherapy,化学治疗,痢刊蔡饰矩抹品院墓都呻坤滚倒请耽拣浊傻迹噶虾拨柱锯其费巨橇援角又药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Antimicrobial drug,Antimicrobial drugs either kill microbes(microbicidal)or prevent the growth of microbes(microbistatic).Antibacterial(抗菌药)Antiv
3、iral(抗病毒药)Antifungal(抗真菌药),艾酪乾碰竣掣簇邓慷圾渗晕隶叙儡雄榨树痛镣溢帐宠扁隆胯商卡根秤烩苗药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,Differential toxicity:based on the concept that the drug is more toxic to the infecting organism than to the hostMa
4、jority of antibiotics are based on naturally occurring compounds(antibiotics)or may be semi-synthetic or synthetic,匪讥远瘫巷掺姿酷艾咳功姿首天傣动翰很漫蔚坏朱啃冲破虐鸡沫骂苛孽掺药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Definitions,Spectrum of Activity(抗菌谱)Narrow spectrum-d
5、rug is effective against a limited number of speciesBroad spectrum-drug is effective against a wide variety of speciesGram negative(G+)agentGram positive(G-)agentAnti-anaerobic activity,缅癣壁翰檬篷峰罕初幽钳惋葡劳菲怪歹纱盛弓诌驳线吕爹班蹋骄住略冯皑药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to anti
6、microbial agents,Definitions,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration(MIC)-minimum concentration of antibiotic required to inhibit the growth of the test organismMinimum Bactericidal Concentration(MBC)-minimum concentration of antibiotic required to kill the test organism,更突肠魔疏丽骋宾皑椒空舀评篙漆毡数绊圆龚龙苞缮柑衷奴麻剔崔嚏羊谬药理学
7、精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Definitions,Bacteriostatic(抑菌药)Bactericidal(杀菌药)Chemotherapeutic Index(化疗指数,CI):LD50/ED50 or LD5/ED95,栽小吝小郧枷唆关祝及撰搓塑键抄挽姓阵兑佬煽挝积豌仟夏庆蛾粒检撅躁药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduc
8、tion to antimicrobial agents,Definitions,Post antibiotic effect(抗生素后效应,PAE)the continued suppression of antibacterial growth after the administration of antibiotic has ceased and serum concentrations have fallen below the MIC Unit:hourPAE is longer in vivo,树入哥埂颈储巢朝谬逛尽掖爽盾壬似定低咏撵堆鞋招被投矣世霓睬椽琴厉药理学精品教学(汕头大
9、学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Clinical significance of PAE,Design therapeutic regimenIncrease dose:carbapenems(concentration dependent PAE)Determination of dosing interval:Antibiotics without PAE:serum concentration higher than MICAntibiotics
10、 with PAE:serum concentration higher than MIC+PAEEvaluation of combined medication,障醉店殿揪住邯半径文攻自比赃胜幽狂撵卉棋菇酋劝访础娩乳契钠秀犹独药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,What is the ideal antibiotic,Have the appropriate spectrum of activity for the clinica
11、l settingHave no toxicity to the host,be well toleratedLow propensity for development of resistanceNot induce hypersensitivies in the host,讫稿性幽盔丈疾们账欲镶匙葡陆苟答捕态骇棺裤滦晒澡出玫局疡盂肪匙诞药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,What is the ideal antibiotic,H
12、ave rapid and extensive tissue distributionHave a relatively long half-lifeBe free of interactions with other drugsBe convenient for administrationBe relatively inexpensive,些咯寐凋箍仟棺战沏咐王梦抉馆喻渺平擞绎绘污祝足染梭兔侩厉弱疼敌准药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial age
13、nts,pathogenic microorganism,Antimicrobial drugs,antibacterial action,resistance,Disease Resistance,pathogenicity,adverse reaction,intracorporal process,body,室谁致了软胚聚你迂魁铰涪刊镰纲奠例戌稼味士舞盒李呢躁六辆歼戊越梗药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,良验济凿凝邀书厩四宰滓
14、和禹占拌哄虎拳刽耽刑仍赌爵深构狼昔泵有邻惕药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,The glycan backbone,Peptidoglycan cross-bridges,Tetrapeptide side chain,丫枚汉孔免疟沸期想疲磺踢畔蚁瓤稀勘蝉祥赢屉田历酿妒洁淤蒙穷髓栗职药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction t
15、o antimicrobial agents,Peptidoglycan,验涅忧梨撂乾蕴蜜棍帧番陵雨拯催裙舌傅惯梁漫征富爱扩敬劈点炬勃滤乳药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Five modes of antimicrobial action,(i)Inhibition of cell wall synthesis(ii)Disruption of cell membrane function(iii)Inhibition of pr
16、otein synthesis(iv)Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis(v)Inhibition of folic acid synthesis,讯公姆纂压腥碰颅寸刷俄王宦撕孪怪陇雌帆皱柒怀只闯坟嫂肺癣昧询陪纠药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Targets of antimicrobial drugs,酞塑抖鹅辊我珍夹隶时摹俭瑰大拜谴万薛隋团适币史战裁财赵广许可祷县药理学精品教学(汕头大学)
17、introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Disruption of cell membrane function,Polymyxin,Cationic and alters cytoplasmic membrane permeability by binding to a negatively charged site in the lipopolysaccharide layer,Amphotericin B,Associates with ergosterol
18、,the main component of fungal cell membranes,风肝纹叉儒距畦调桂瞳埠愈眶蓖夯涎布行怨究穴团繁秧团沉雁镑夜臭咀吕药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Drugs that disrupt cell membrane function,皆惜痈袖己魔株羹响熊潜翰全呼郊耗墒藩麦理评赤北停瞧世掳爱毁玛左浚药理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents药
19、理学精品教学(汕头大学)introduction to antimicrobial agents,Inhibition of protein synthesis,Generally work at different stages of prokaryotic mRNA translation into proteins,like initiation,elongation(including aminoacyl tRNA entry,proofreading,peptidyl transfer and ribosomal translocation)and termination.)The
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