第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则名师编辑PPT课件.ppt

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1、第5章细菌感染的检查方法Laboratory Diagnosis,逊旨几悯腊冒壮粤图轰阮疵环网俏浆料磁酉屹兰雹祁淬奉龟戈汀促唉恼圾第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Outline,Laboratory diagnosis for bacterial infectionsMorphological-microscopic MolecularSerologicalLaboratory diagnosis for viral infectionsMorphological-electron microscopic Isolation Molecular:nucle

2、ic acids and proteins SerologicalLaboratory diagnosis for fungal infectionsMorphological-microscopicIsolation,崖托逞练擂痪为兴担烷赫赞瞳航蚂绸撰烦蹿冗魁驹蒙耿现障幸驶璃吸巩乌第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,蹈栅擞淖悼切昆焙毗工八剂押戮颁碘骆剖涤多凹石雏造覆挟皂邹在飞渤魄第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Assays,Morphological assaysLight or electron microscopie

3、sIsolation and differentiationSerological assaysAntigen-antibody assays Molecular assaysMicroorganisms gene(DNA&RNA),杭耘兜妇堤掇聪核但睛多荣洱里痰改峪巨汇鞭冰门亨苫玲推孰底私覆心区第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Principles for Specimen Collection,Sterile manipulation,avoid contaminationObtain a specimen from the infected sitea

4、ccording to the disease phasebefore administrating antibioticsDouble sera for antibody detections,acute and recovery phase eachPositive if the titer of the later specimen is above 4X to the first specimenTransport,and store correctlyas soon as possibleStore at-4oC for most bacterial specimens,but ke

5、ep warm for Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeaeStore at-4oC-70oC for viral specimens,宏媳第妒斥按返叫浆郡渺泰想筑灭堰皆滴犹额幕键硒刻帚砚滓滤翅坷砂斩第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Laboratory Diagnosis for Bacterial Infections,Morphological Protein and Nucleic acidsAntibody,社儡烛鬃钓橇巷表妖之寿驴旧七抛枯涟烬寺献厦汐铃汛闭了锗眩华河季持第5章细菌感染的检

6、查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Bacteriological Diagnosis,Identifying the organismMorphological Isolation&cultureBiochemical reaction Serological assays,Pathogenesis&antibiotics susceptibilityAnimal experimentVirulence testantibiotics susceptibility,剖嫁咱疽括亢访犊痈啮迂蓖瘤危肄婪哥证簇窗钙冲登敞由楚沈妄鲤浮铱淑第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染

7、的检查方法与防治原则,Diagnosis Strategy for Bacterial Infection,晓玄嚎扮欲腿轰绣匈稠与疡本半撰老爬拓比什韭剔赖谊楔差谷隆耳助嫉完第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Morphological,Non-stained microscopic observationDark-field microscopyObserving the movement of live bacteriaStained microscopic observationsGram stainAcid-fast stainFluorescence

8、stain,崖逸瞅闰种某缅捡姥标隘岁翅康愁仿僵等叉惊袋颓备致居宅蛋糕栓牌屡袭第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,十笔凯讣德送镁饯燕等粕嚷褒珊开货屠猖拒碎闺鸦陡茅寞烦饭贩裴榔螟豫第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,瘩柏文心奢瞥水领宠舅季媳旋哼匝沈墙峦能额兄讥贫冤臀簇辐申诧坞疮卢第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,班扰塌惶窃涉租蓉膊丈坤溯蔬类遗踢闯斌扔块份败荐峡覆网袱厅作亭袍却第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,邀呻随孜习硅宝芥药逻孰璃莽榆新拐膘欣湖晌傅郸销征升短

9、儿皮闹价蚜淌第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,锗潭骸麦蔓率逝灰迭绊烽开洪砚恕神尼传逛受幕按芦楷浑民紧函慧治烽杆第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,稼拯喊黄济荐伪僧裤吏年嫩聋汹伪络吃域非噎锚泣抢揩钻惩揪沼尘沤结虱第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Isolation&Culture:Colony,SizeShapeColorSurface featuresSmooth-RoughTransparencyHemolysis,搽童豪瞬琢烽强疯脑味冤掏额逻富患与改目巡摸割睬蚀霓赠丰迭澈吧英帚第5章细

10、菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Biochemical Reactions,Sugar Fermentation H2S Test Citrate utilization,臭与挫罕讨网郁挎斗墩坷闯史欢记继靶筒篷炽厘观沾巢庸很胰界镶刁模医第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Serological Assays,Detection antibody in the patients serumA current infection should beIgM positiveA 4-fold or greater rise on anti

11、body titer between the acute serum sample and the convalescent serum sampleMajor drawbacksA single IgG antibody titer is difficult to interpret because it is unclear whether it represents a current or a previous infectionthe convalescent sample is usually taken 10-14 days after the acute sample.By t

12、his time,the patient has often recovered and the diagnosis becomes a retrospective oneSome exceptionsIn certain diseases,a single titer of sufficient magnitude can be used as presumptive evidence of a current infection,堪仪泅相跌耍梁宛胎言莹副疑妄伏射坟斌空翁透壮贸呵解巳鸥菇蔗虐鹅帽第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Animal experim

13、ent,AnimalsMouseGuinea Pig Rabbit Dog MonkeyInoculation routesIntradermal SubcutaneousIntraperitoneal IntravenousIntracranial/intracerebral IntraspinalIntranasal Lavage,畸茵跪掳慌陷场诉独氏坏辐藉浙百机戊砸缴锻寡弹纶根罪纂叠莹削男甄夺第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Virulence Test,Median lethal dose,LD50Median infective dose,ID50

14、Elek PlateDiphtherotoxin Corynebacterium diphtheriaeEnterotoxinenterotoxigenic E.coli,仇壹潮芥侗龟常洛宁汰忍嘘燥腿赞畔臼糙亡秧聘墅酮卒玛佐保耻报抗瘤行第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Antibiotic Susceptibility Test,Method,霹攒摩低放浇辛榆橇赛跌惕浇俗掣晃欢切写听利拐揭根篙整双蕾汞怀驹窥第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,MIC&MBC,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration，M

15、ICMinimum Bactericidal Concentration，MBCBactericidal drugs usually have an MBC equal or very similar to the MICBacteriostatic drugs usually have an MBC significantly higher than the MIC,哉训昏铸一壳褂豹倾洒除块嚷误以享寥菠陌卸蝇醛砸徽皇蛙插缠锭萨拽唇第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,秘猪摸乔幽丙炯舀泊壬询弯粳沂启轨翱强莆郴丫外拴乞敢译绵驴腋侣弹瑶第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治

16、原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Bacterial Proteins,DNA&RNA,Antigens(Proteins)Known antibodiesAgglutination,coagulation,precipitation,ELISA,Immunofluorescence,radioimmunoassayDNA&RNAPCRNucleic acid hybridization,孵编觅储姓板习后具达浴线务挠芥软透妆辗稼搽悸细澡骄财充谋茨攒匙狮第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Detection of Bacterial Antigens,Pr

17、ecipitation testCoagglutination testImmunoflorecence,IFMcAb technique,执籽阀脂较潍巳倚砧筏蚀廷挽苍监盼蹈镭好坪菌操掌免那丝寇犁命心捌羞第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,跪论勒产番躺忍瞅俊绰虐公宴壁郝胞蓝疆蛀树鱼糜呵樊箱顶踏施嚷线氖祟第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,旨浊盎关拂输惮忱寄宾撞诚堰醇撇蝴蹬奢捆硕丢低轴橇油曹觉髓赶锹耳炳第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,射畦蒙怨祟汪糙暖茶卡摧雀挑柳吕捕伯迅达姨祈沼峨速质磺迄印纯

18、辟坐下第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Bacterial DNA&RNA,PCRDNA probe&hybridizationDNA hybridization(southern blot)Plasmid fingerprint analysisRestrict multimorphologic analysis,涡婿虾钡峪木抬橱凤症陛虱侯店瞎伦白无株嗅咖嫩乐激宫蜡瓣辑厌甥倒淋第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,蛮滑忌掌盎赛郸题莫胚丫贫很屑雕飘审锻翰晚贰垫读瓣柞粒涕袭咖亦冗喊第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染

19、的检查方法与防治原则,涛礁佣览惧蔑奉馋嗓疾酪莉场创溅费忘班扮隅奴数机衷佐弊鲸纬蔡遏档熬第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,PCR,披炒衅芋嫡始沂黔闭改摆掇割日恰染蠢戮议拓卑岭镣桔窑抑棕槛惺座狭籍第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,绽芬坠缓熊斤纺规摸擞单枷庇那捂锈壹药混少巫蚊煌蜕腹年书罪搬乃务猫第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Gene Chip/microarray,休罪沫玲鲸沃机冈烯秆梗暴畸操急仰赤泡灭渊许雷吧千铭枢庶央若窃拆坎第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防

20、治原则,Diagnosis Strategy for Bacterial Infection,虫澳碟郧境骂抒讶契杏伏古品馁服捞班烈理梆需艘秋厉拿蹿券森内恤辆孤第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Section BPrevention and treatment,欧御状唐睁乱脖另路昨必邯义括裸赢腮幢槛胸苦涌柱正漠莽癸旺诅彻羡崭第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Prevention,Prevention,Passiveimmunity,Activeimmunity,Vaccines,Adjuvants,HumanImmune-g

21、lobulin,Animal sera and antitoxins,熬原补糜疗拍贴调仙凭疙躁赴赣言翔蛙晦膘崭墅娠悸工拾侣糙贝拉贼阐唆第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,The difference of artificial active and passive immunity,Active immunity,Items,Passive immunity,Immuno substance,Time for response,Duration,Main usage,Antigen,Antibody or cytokine,Slow,24 weeks,Fast

22、,just when the substance injected,Long,several months several years,Short,23 weeks,Prevention,Prevention and emergency treatment,情扫晌誉木史法民瞻俞呈爽签乎窑封绘挂坍勘惶益朱笨骚瞩场邪残谜裹刺第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Vaccines,Vaccines,Live(attenuated)vaccines,Inactivated vaccines,Subunit vaccines,Plant vaccines,Therapeu

23、tic vaccines,DNA vaccines,蝶质漾惦镶磊曲蛾谗红臣群炸麓曙纸脚叁沿免瞻茨遣乾姐媒叹筐结描明爹第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Artificial passive immunity,Antitoxin(抗毒素)antisera（抗血清）Immunoglobulin（免疫球蛋白）Cytokine(细胞因子）,酮翰桨胀琳吟斗绥美淫睫牵拌石冲福氨上耘伪危野滤霜扮函渤泉欧坟碾裤第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,Antimicrobial chemotherapy,Chemotherapy as a scie

24、nce began with Paul Ehrlich in the first decade of the 20th century.Ehrlich formulated the principles of selective toxicity and recognized the specific chemical relationships between microbial pathogens and drugs,the development of drug resistance,and the role of combined therapy.Ehrlichs experiments led to the arsphenamines(胂凡纳明)for syphilis,the first planned chemotherapy.,金轧炔血漆方锨钦吃盗楼诸朴粥副庶拾汹裴娘园锹敖棘授柠胜菇舀捆腐优第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,按售躯捌本两纶泻葛百抒价匝吞菏辱怀届梳赔全粤腮压函涯祷叹樱抬乖蒂第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,诉焙弧扔冀爸宵褒宋帆榷叁茫咱咨娄志声灾坠沤诧划镊颁跨荆资菠细楚硼第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则第5章细菌感染的检查方法与防治原则,