美国名人 作家 弗朗西斯·斯科特·基·菲茨杰拉德 1.docx

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1、美国名人作家弗朗西斯斯科特基菲茨杰拉德1F.ScottFitzgeraldWroteAbouttheRoaringTwentiesztheGreatestPartyinAmericanHistoryplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-16:00repeatByRichardThorman2006-1-21(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwiththeSpecialEnglishprogram,PeopleinAmerica.Everyweekwetellaboutsomeoneimportanti

2、nthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.TodaywetellaboutwriterF.ScottFitzgerald.VOICEONE:Earlyinnineteentwenty,theAmericanwriterF.ScottFitzgeraldwaspoorandunknown.Hewastwenty-fouryearsold.Thegirlhewantedtomarryhadrejectedhim.Herfamilysaidhecouldnotsupporther.1.aterthatsameyear,Fitzgeraldsfirstnovel,ThisSideofP

3、aradise/wasacceptedforpublication.Hesaidthatwhenthenewsarrivedinthemail:Ileftmyjob.Ipaidmydebts,boughtasuitofclothesandwokeinthemorningtoaworldofpromise.Hequicklybecamerichandfamous.ThatyearbeforeThisSideofParadisewaspublished,hesaidheearnedeighthundreddollarsbywriting.Thefollowingyearzwithhisfirstb

4、ookpublished,heearnedeighteenthousanddollarsbywriting.YetbythetimeF.ScottFitzgeralddiedinnineteenforty,attheageofforty-four,hismoneywasgone,andsowashisfame.Mostpeoplecouldnotbelievethathehadnotdiedyearsbefore.Theproblemwasthathewassomuchapartoftheagehedescribed,theRoaringTwenties.Sowhentheperiodende

5、dpeoplethoughthemusthaveendedwithit.VOICETWO:Thenineteentwentiesbeganwithhighhopes.WorldWarOne,theWartoEndAllWars,wasover.ThetwentiesendedwithahugedropinstockmarketpricesthatbegantheGreatDepression.Fitzgeraldwasarepresentativeoftheyearsoffastlivinginbetween.Thenationsvalueshadchanged.ManyAmericanswe

6、reconcernedmainlywithhavingagoodtime.Peoplebrokethelawbydrinkingalcohol.Theydancedtojazzmusic.Womenworeshortskirts.MoneydifferencesbetweenonegroupofAmericansandanotherhadbecomesharperatthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury.Bythenineteentwenties,manypeoplebelievedthatgainingthematerialthingsonedesiredcou

7、ldbringhappiness.F.ScottFitzgeraldwroteaboutthelivesofpeoplewholivedasifthatweretrue.VOICEONE:TherewasmoretoFitzgeraldthanadesireformaterialthings.Thetestofafirst-rateintelligence,hesaid,istheabilitytoholdtwoopposedideasinthemindatthesametime,andstillhavetheabilitytoact.Histwoopposingideasinvolvedse

8、ekinghappinessfrommaterialthings,andknowingthatmaterialthingsonlybroughtunhappiness.Ofhisowntime,hesaid:Thereseemednoquestionaboutwhatwasgoingtohappen.Americawasgoingonthegreatestpartyinitshistoryandtherewasgoingtobeplentytotellabout.Yetifhedescribedonlytheparty,hiswritingswouldhavebeenforgottenwhen

9、thepartyended.Allthestoriesthatcameintomyhead,hesaidzhadatouchofunhappinessinthem.Thelovelyyoungwomeninmystorieswereruined,thediamondmountainsexploded.Inlifethesethingshadnothappenedyet.ButIwassurethatlivingwasnotthecarelessbusinessthatpeoplethought.Fitzgeraldwasabletoexperiencethewildlivingoftheper

10、iodyetwriteaboutitseffectonpeopleasthoughhewerejustanobserver.Thatisamajorreasonhiswritingsstillarepopular.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:FrancisScottKeyFitzgeraldwasbornintheMiddleWesterncityofSaintPaulzMinnesota.Hegrewupthere.Inhismothersfamilythereweresouthernlandownersandpoliticians.Thememberofthefamilyforwhom

11、hewasnamedhadwrittenthewordstoTheStar-SpangledBanner;Americasnationalsong.Hisfatherwasabusinessmanwhodidnotdowell.Scottwenttofreepublicschoolsand,whenhewasfifteen,acostlyprivateschoolwherehelearnedhowtherichlived.WhenF.ScottFitzgeraldwasseventeen,heenteredPrincetonUniversity.VOICEONE:Fitzgeraldwasno

12、tagoodstudent.HespentmoretimewritingforschoolplaysandmagazinesatPrincetonthanstudying.Hispoorrecordtroubledhimlessthanthefactthathewasnotagoodenoughathletetobeontheuniversitysfootballteam.Universityofficialswarnedhimhehadtodobetterinhisstudiesorhewouldbeexpelled.Sohedecidedtoleavetheuniversityaftert

13、hreeyearstojointheUnitedStatesArmy.ItwasWorldWarOne,butthewarendedbeforehesawactiveduty.Hemethisfuturewifewhilehewasatoneofthebaseswherehetrained.Thegirl,ZeldaSayre,wasalocalbeautyinthesoutherncityofMontgomery,Alabama.SheandFitzgeraldagreedtomarry.ThensherejectedhimwhenherfamilysaidthatFitzgeraldcou

14、ldnotgiveherthelifesheexpected.VOICETWO:Fitzgeraldwascrushed.HewenttoNewYorkCityinnineteen-nineteenwithtwogoals.Onewastomakealotofmoney.Theotherwastowinthegirlheloved.Herewroteandcompletedanovelthathehadstartedincollege.Thebook,ThisSideofParadise/waspublishedinnineteen-twenty.Itwasanimmediatesuccess

15、.Fitzgeraldtoldhispublisherthathedidnotexpectmorethantwentythousandcopiesofthebooktobesold.Thepublisherlaughedandsaidfivethousandcopiesofafirstnovelwouldbeverygood.Withinoneweek,however,twentythousandcopiesofthebookweresold.Attwenty-four,Fitzgeraldwasfamousandrich.Aweekafterthenovelappeared,Scottand

16、Zeldaweremarried.F.ScottFitzgeraldhadgainedthetwogoalshehadsetforhimself.Atthispointthefairytaleshouldendwiththeexpression:Theylivedhappilyeverafter.ButthatwasnottobetheendingfortheFitzgeralds.VOICEONE:Fitzgeraldisreportedtohavesaidtohisfriend,theAmericanwriterErnestHemingwayzTheveryricharedifferent

17、fromyouandme.Hemingwayisreportedtohaveanswered,Yes,theyhavemoremoney.Theexchangetellsagreatdealabouteachwriter.Hemingwaysawademocraticworldwherepeopleweremeasuredbytheirability,notbywhattheyowned.Fitzgeraldsawthedeepdifferencesbetweengroupsofpeoplethatmoneycreates.Hedecidedtobeamongtherich.Todothish

18、esoldshortstoriestomagazinesand,whenhehadtime,continuedtowritenovels.Healsocontinuedtoliveasthoughhislifewasonelongparty.Forseveralyearshewassuccessfulateverything.EditorspaidmoreforastorybyFitzgeraldthanbyanyotherwriter.Andhesoldeverythinghewrote.Somestorieswereverygood.Hewroteveryfast,though.Sosom

19、estorieswerebad.Eventhebadones,however,hadaspiritandalifethatbelongedtoFitzgerald.Assoonashehadenoughgoodstories,hecollectedtheminabook.VOICETWO:Fitzgeraldquicklylearnedthatalifeofpartyingallthetimedidnothelphimwritehisbest.Buthecouldnotgiveupthefun.ScottandZeldalivedinNewYorkCity.Hedranktoomuch.She

20、spenttoomuchmoney.Hepromisedhimselftolivealesscostlylife.Always,however;hespentmorethanheearnedfromwriting.Inadditiontotheindividualstories,twocollectionsofhisstories,FlappersandPhilosophers,andTalesoftheJazzAge,appearedinnineteentwentyandnineteentwenty-two.Asecondnovel,TheBeautifulandDamned,alsowas

21、publishedinnineteentwenty-two.VOICEONE:Thenovelwaswellreceived,butitwasnothinglikethesuccessofhisfirstnovel.Fitzgeraldwasunhappywiththecriticsandunhappywiththemoneythebookearned.HeandhiswifemovedtoFrancewiththeirbabydaughter.TheymademanyfriendsamongtheAmericanswhohadfledtoParis.Buttheyfailedtocutthe

22、irlivingcosts.Fitzgeraldwasalwaysindebt.Heowedmoneytohispublisherandthemanwhohelpedtosellhiswritings.Inhisstorieshesaysrepeatedlythatnoonecanhaveeverything.Heseemedtotry,though.Itlookedforabrieftimelikehemightsucceed.VOICETWO:Fitzgeraldcontinuedtobeaffectedbytheproblemsthatwouldfinallykillhim-thedri

23、nkingandthedebts.Yetbynineteentwenty-fivehisbestnovel,TheGreatGatsby,waspublished.Itisthestoryofayoungmanssearchforhisideaoflove.Italsoisastoryofwhattheyoungmanmustdotowinthatlovebeforehediscoversthatitisnotworthhaving.Nextweekweshalldiscussthisimportantnovel.AndweshalltellyouabouttherestofFitzgeraldsshortlife.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisPeopleinAmericaprogramwaswrittenbyRichardThormanandproducedbyLawanDavis.mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekasweconcludethestoryofthelifeofwriterF.ScottFitzgeraldinSpecialEnglishontheVoiceofAmerica.