美国名人 女作家 弗兰纳里·奥康纳.docx

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1、美国名人女作家弗兰纳里奥康纳GreatWriters:FlanneryOConnorToldofSmall-TownLifeintheSouthplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:37repeatByRichardThorman2005-7-9(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmRayFreemanwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PeopleinAmerica.Today,wetellaboutwriterFlanneryOConnor.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.atein

2、herlifesomeoneaskedtheAmericanwriterFlanneryOConnorwhyshewrote.Shesaid,BecauseIamgoodatit.,Shewasgood.Yet,shewasnotalwaysasgoodawriterasshebecame.Sheimprovedbecauseshelistenedtoothers.Shechangedherstories.Shere-wrotethem,thenre-wrotethemagain,alwaysworkingtoimprovewhatshewascreating.Flanneryhadalway

3、swantedtobeawriter.AftershegraduatedfromGeorgiaStateCollegeforwomen,sheaskedtobeacceptedatawritingprogramattheStateUniversityofIowa.Theheadoftheschoolfounditdifficulttounderstandhersouthernspeech.Heaskedhertowritewhatshewanted.Thenheaskedtoseesomeexamplesofherwork.Hesawimmediatelythatthewritingwasfu

4、llofimaginationandbrightwithknowledge,likeFlanneryOConnorherself.VOICETWO:MaryFlanneryOConnorwasbornMarchtwenty-fifth,nineteentwenty-five,inthesoutherncityofSavannah,Georgia.Theyearshewasborn,herfatherdevelopedararediseasecalledlupus.Hediedofthediseaseinnineteenforty-one.Bythattimethefamilywasliving

5、inthesmallsoutherntownofMilledgeville,Georgia,inahouseownedbyFlannerysmother.1.ifeinasmalltownintheAmericanSouthwaswhatOConnorknewbest.Yetshesaid,Ifyouknowwhoyouarezyoucangoanywhere.,VOICEONE:ManypeopleinthetownofMilledgevillethoughtshewasdifferentfromothergirls.Shewaskindtoeveryone,butsheseemedtost

6、andtoonesideofwhatwashappening,as讦shewantedtoseeitbetter.Hermotherwasherexample.Hermothersaid,Iwasbroughtuptobenicetoeveryoneandnottotellmybusinesstoanyone.Flanneryalsodidnottalkaboutherself.Butinherwritingasilentanddistantangerexplodesfromthequietsurfaceofherstories.SomeseeherasaRomanCatholicreligi

7、ouswriter.TheyseeherangerasthesearchtosavehermoralbeingthroughherbeliefinJesusChrist.OthersdonotdenyherRomanCatholicreligiousbeliefs.Yettheyseehernotwritingaboutthings,butpresentingthethingsthemselves.VOICETWO:WhensheleftthewritingprogramatIowaStateUniversityshewasinvitedtojoinagroupofwritersattheYa

8、ddowriterscolony.YaddoisatSaratogaSpringsinNewYorkstate.Itprovidesasmallgroupofwriterswithahomeandaplacetoworkforashorttime.Thefollowingyear,nineteenforty-nine,shemovedtoNewYorkCity.ShesoonleftthecityandlivedwithherfriendRobertFitzgeraldandhisfamilyinthenortheasternstateofConnecticut.FitzgeraldsaysO

9、1Connorneededtobealonetoworkduringtheday.Andsheneededherfriendstotalktowhenherworkwasdone.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Whilewritingherfirstnovel,WiseBlood,shewasstrickenwiththedisease,lupus,thathadkilledherfather.Thetreatmentforlupusweakenedher.ShemovedbacktoGeorgiaandlivedtherestofherlifewithhermotheronafarmout

10、sideMilledgeville.OConnorwasstillabletowrite,travel,andgivespeeches.WiseBloodappearedinnineteenfifty-two.BothitandOConnorssecondnovel,TheViolentBearitAwayzareaboutayoungmangrowingup.Inbothbookstheyoungmenareunwillingtoaccepttheworktheyweremostfittodo.1.ikeallofFlanneryOConnorswriting,thebookisfilled

11、withhumorzevenwhenhermeaningisserious.Itshowsthemixofatraditionalworldwithamodernworld.Italsoshowsabattleofideasexpressedinthesimple,countrytalkthatOConnorknewverywell.VOICETWO:InWiseBlood,ayoungman,HazelMotes,leavestheArmybutfindshishometownempty.Hefleestoacity,lookingforaplacetobe.Onthetrain,heann

12、ouncesthathedoesnotbelieveinJesusChrist.Hesays,Iwouldntevenifheexisted.Evenifhewasonthistrain.Hismovingtothecityisanattempttomoveawayfromthenaturalworldandbecomeathing,amachine.Hedecidesthatallhecanknowiswhathecantouchandsee.Intheend,however,hedestroyshisphysicalsightsothathemaytrulysee,becausehesay

13、sthatwhenhehadeyeshewasblind.CriticssayhisactionseemstoshowthatheisnolongerwillingtodenytheexistenceofJesusbutnowiswillingtofollowhimintothedark.Thenovelreceivedhighpraisefromcritics.Itdidnotbecomepopularwiththepublic,however.VOICEONE:OConnorssecondnovel,TheViolentBearitAway,waspublishedinnineteensi

14、xty.LikeWiseBlood,itisastoryaboutayoungmanlearningtodealwithlife.Thebookopenswiththeyoungman,FrancisMarionTarwaterzrefusingtodothetwothingshisgrandfatherhadorderedhimtodo.Thesearetoburytheoldmandeepintheground,andtobringreligiontohisunclesmentallysickchild.Instead,Tarwaterburnsthehousewherehisgrandf

15、atherdiedandletsthementallysickchilddrownduringareligiousceremony.VOICETWO:CriticssayTarwatersviolencecomesfromhisattempttofindtruthbydenyingreligion.Intheend,however;heacceptsthathehasbeentouchedbyadeeperforce,theforceofthewordofGodzandhemustacceptthatword.BothofOConnorsnovelsexplorethelongmomentof

16、fearwhenayoungmanmustchoosebetweenthedifficultiesofgrowingupandthesafeworldofachild.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:FlanneryOConnorisatleastaswellknownforherstoriesasforhernovels.Herfirstbookofstories,AGoodManisHardtoFind,appearedinnineteenfifty-five.InitshedealswithmanyoftheideasshewroteaboutinWiseBlood,suchasthes

17、earchforJesusChrist.Inmanyofthestoriesthereisaconflictbetweentheworldofthespiritandtheworldofthebody.Inthestory,TheLifeYouSaveMayBeYourOwn,atravelingworkmanwithonlyonearmcomestoafarm.Heclaimstobemoreconcernedwiththingsofthespiritthanwithobjects.VOICETWO:Thewomanwhoownsthefarmofferstolethimmarryherde

18、afdaughter.Hefinallyagreeswhenthemothergiveshimthefarmzhercar;andseventeendollarsfortheweddingtrip.Hesays,Lady,amanisdividedintotwoparts,bodyandspirit.Thebody,Iadyzislikeahouse:itdontgoanywhere;butthespirit,lady,islikeaautomobile,alwaysonthemove.,Hemarriesthedaughteranddrivesoffwithher.Whentheystopt

19、oeat,themanleavesheranddrivesofftowardthecity.Onthewayhestopsandgivesaridetoawanderingboy.Welearnthatwhentheone-armedmanwasachild,hismotherlefthim.Criticssaythatwhenhehelpstheboy,heishelpinghimself.VOICEONE:InnineteenSiXty-four;OConnorwasoperatedonforastomachdisease.Oneresultofthisoperationwastheret

20、urnofIupuszthediseasethatkilledherfather.OnAugustthird,nineteensixty-four;FlanneryOConnordied.Shewasthirty-nineyearsold.Neartheendofherlifeshesaid,mabornCatholic,anddeathhasalwaysbeenbrothertomyimagination.VOICETWO:Thenextyear;innineteensixty-five,herfinalcollectionofstories,EverythingThatRisesMustC

21、onverge,appeared.Initshespeaksofthecrueltyofdiseaseandthedeepercrueltythatexistsbetweenparentsandchildren.Inthesestories,grownchildrenareinastrugglewithparentstheyneitherlovenorleave.Manyofthechildrenfeelguiltyabouthatingthemotherswho,thechildrenfeel,havedestroyedthemthroughlove.Thechildrenwanttoreb

22、elviolently,buttheyfearlosingtheirmothersprotection.Innineteenseventy-one,OConnorsCollectedStorieswaspublished.Thebookcontainsmostofwhatshewrote.Ithasallthestoriesofherearliercollections.Italsohasearlyversionsofbothnovelsthatwerefirstpublishedasstories.Andithaspartsofanuncompletednovelandanunpublish

23、edstory.Innineteenseventy-twothislastbookwontheAmericanbookindustryshighestprize,TheNationalBookAward.Asonecriticnoted,FlanneryOConnordidnotlivelong,butsheliveddeeply,andwrotebeautifully.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyRichardThorman.mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmRayFreeman.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericaprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.