【中英文对照版】中华人民共和国粮食安全保障法.docx

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1、中华人民共和国粮食安全保障法GrainSecurityGuaranteeLawofthePeople,sRepublicofChina制定机关：全国人大常委会发文字号：中华人民共和国主席令第17号公布日期：2023.12.29施行日期：2024.06.01效力位阶：法律法规类别：粮食管理IssuingAuthority：StandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeoplesCongressDocumentNumber：OrderNo.17ofthePresidentofthePeople,sRepublicofChinaDateIssued：12-29-2023Effect

2、iveDate：06-01-20241.evelofAuthority：LawsAreaofLaw：GrainAdministrationOrderofthePresidentofthePeople,sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国主席令(No.17)（第十七号）TheGrainSecurityGuaranteeLawofthePeoplesRepublicofChina,asadoptedatthe7thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheFourteenthNationalPeoplesCongressofthePeoplesRepublico

3、fChinaonDecember29,2023jisherebyissuedandshallcomeintoforceonJune1,2024.中华人民共和国粮食安全保障法已由中华人民共和国第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第七次会议于2023年12月29日通过，现予公布，自2024年6月1日起施行。XiJinping,PresidentofthePeoplesRepublicofChina中华人民共和国主席习近平December29,20232023年12月29日中华人民共和国粮食安全保障法GrainSecurityGuaranteeLawofthePeoplesRepublicofChin

4、a（Adoptedatthe7thSessionoftheStanding（2023年12月29日第十四届全CommitteeoftheFourteenthNational国人民代表大会常务委员会第七PeoplesCongressonDecember29,2023）次会议通过）Contents目录ChapterIGeneralProvisions第一章总则ChapterIlProtectionofCultivatedLand第二章耕地保护ChapterIIIGrainProduction第三章粮食生产ChapterIVGrainReserve第四章粮食储备ChapterVGrainCircul

5、ation第五章粮食流通ChapterVlGrainProcessing第六章粮食加工ChapterVllGrainEmergency第七章粮食应急ChapterVlllGrainConservation第八章粮食节约ChapterIXSupervisionandAdministration第九章监督管理ChapterXLegalLiability第十章法律责任ChapterXlSupplementaryProvisions第十一章附则Chapter I GeneralProvisionsArticle1ThisLawisenactedinaccordancewiththeConstituti

6、onforthepurposesofguaranteeingeffectivegrainsupply,ensuringnationalgrainsecurity,improvingtheabilitytopreventandresistgrainsecurityrisks,andmaintainingeconomicandsocialstabilityandnationalsecurity.Article2ThegrainsecurityworkofthestateshallinsistontheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina,implementthe

7、overallnationalsecurityconcept,coordinatedevelopmentandsecurity,implementthenationalgrainsecuritystrategyofself-sufficiencybasedondomesticgrainproduction,withguaranteedgrainproductioncapacity,moderateimports,andscientificandtechnologicalsupport,insistonthefoodcropproductionstrategybasedonfarmlandman

8、agementandapplicationoftechnology,andimprovethecapacityofgrainproduction,storage,circulation,andprocessing,andensurebasicself-sufficiencyingrainandabsolutesecurityofgrain.Toguaranteegrainsecurityofthestate,abiggrainconceptshallbeestablished,adiversifiedfoodsupplysystemshallbebuilt,andfoodresourcessh

9、allbedevelopedinanall-roundandmulti-channelway,tomeetthepeoplesconsumptiondemandforfoodrichinvariety,highinquality,abundantinnutritionandgoodforhealth.第一章总则第一条为了保障粮食有效 供给，确保国家粮食安全，提高 防范和抵御粮食安全风险能力， 维护经济社会稳定和国家安全， 根据宪法，制定本法。第二条国家粮食安全工作 坚持中国共产党的领导，贯彻总 体国家安全观，统筹发展和安 全，实施以我为主、立足国内、 确保产能、适度进口、科技支撑 的国家粮食安

10、全战略，坚持藏粮 于地、藏粮于技，提高粮食生 产、储备、流通、加工能力，确 保谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安 全。保障国家粮食安全应当树立大食 物观，构建多元化食物供给体 系，全方位、多途径开发食物资 源，满足人民群众对食物品种丰 富多样、品质营养健康的消费需 求。第三条国家建立粮食安全 责任制，实行粮食安全党政同 责。县级以上地方人民政府应当Article3ThestateshallestablisharesponsibilitysystemforgrainsecurityandimplementthesameresponsibilityasthatofthePartyandthegovernme

11、ntforgrainsecurity.Thelocalpeople,sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshallassumethespecificresponsibilityforensuringgrainsecurityinrespectiveadministrativeregions.Thecompetentdepartmentsofdevelopmentandreform,naturalresources,agricultureandruralaffairs,grainandreservesofthepeoplesgovernmentsatorabov

12、ethecountylevelshall,inaccordancewiththislawandthefunctionsprescribed,cooperatewitheachotherandeffectivelycompletethegrainsecurityguaranteework.Article4Thestateshallstrengthenthemacro-controlofgrain,optimizethestructureandregionaldistributionofgrainvarieties,makeoveralluseofdomesticandinternationalm

13、arketsandresources,buildascientific,rational,safeandefficientgrainsupplyguaranteesystem,andimprovethegrainsupplycapacity,qualityandsafety.Thestateshallstrengtheninternationalcooperationongrainsecurityandmaximizeitsroleininternationalgraintrade.承担保障本行政区域粮食安全的 具体责任。县级以上人民政府发展改革、自 然资源、农业农村、粮食和储备 等主管部门依

14、照本法和规定的职 责，协同配合，做好粮食安全保 障工作。第四条国家加强粮食宏观 调控，优化粮食品种结构和区域 布局，统筹利用国内、国际的市 场和资源，构建科学合理、安全 高效的粮食供给保障体系，提升 粮食供给能力和质量安全。国家加强国际粮食安全合作，发 挥粮食国际贸易作用。第五条 县级以上人民政府 应当将粮食安全保障纳入国民经 济和社会发展规划。县级以上人 民政府有关部门应当根据粮食安 全保障目标、任务等，编制粮食 安全保障相关专项规划，按照程 序批准后实施。Article5Thepeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshallincorporate

15、grainsecurityguaranteeintothenationaleconomicandsocialdevelopmentplans.Therelevantdepartmentsofthepeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshall,inaccordancewiththeobjectivesandtasksofgrainsecurityguarantee,developspecialplansrelatedtograinsecurityguaranteeandimplementthemafterapprovalundertheproced

16、ures.Article6Thestateshallestablishandimprovetheinputmechanismforgrainsecurityguarantee,adoptfiscalandfinancialsupportpoliciestostrengthengrainsecurityguarantee,improvethecoordinationandguaranteemechanismforgrainproduction,purchase,storage,transportation,processingandsale,buildanindustrialbeltfornat

17、ionalgrainsecurity,mobilizetheenthusiasmofgrainproducersandlocalpeople,sgovernmentsinprotectingcultivatedland,growinggrain,andeffectivelycompletingthegrainsecurityguaranteework,comprehensivelypromoteruralrevitalization,promotehigh-qualitydevelopmentofthegrainindustry,andenhancethestate,scapacityforg

18、rainsecurityguarantee.Thestateshallguideprivateinvestorstoinvestingrainproduction,storage,circulation,processingandotherfields,andprotecttheirlegitimaterightsandinterests.Thestateshallguidefinancialinstitutionstorationallyintroducefinancialproductsandservicestosupportgrainproduction,reserve,circulat

19、ionandprocessing.Thestateshallimprovethepolicy-basedagriculturalinsurancesystemandencouragecommercialinsurancebusiness.第六条国家建立健全粮食 安全保障投入机制，采取财政、 金融等支持政策加强粮食安全保 障，完善粮食生产、收购、储 存、运输、加工、销售协同保障 机制，建设国家粮食安全产业 带，调动粮食生产者和地方人民 政府保护耕地、种粮、做好粮食 安全保障工作的积极性，全面推 进乡村振兴，促进粮食产业高质 量发展，增强国家粮食安全保障 能力。国家引导社会资本投入粮食生 产、储备

20、、流通、加工等领域， 并保障其合法权益。国家引导金融机构合理推出金融 产品和服务，为粮食生产、储 备、流通、加工等提供支持。国 家完善政策性农业保险制度，鼓 励开展商业性保险业务。第七条国家加强粮食安全 科技创新能力和信息化建设，支 持粮食领域基础研究、关键技术 研发和标准化工作，完善科技人 才培养、评价和激励等机制，促 进科技创新成果转化和先进技 术、设备的推广使用，提高粮食 生产、储备、流通、加工的科技Article7Thestateshallstrengthenscientificandtechnologicalinnovationcapacityandinformatizationco

21、nstructionforgrainsecurity,supportbasicresearch,researchanddevelopmentofkeytechnologiesandstandardizationinthegrainfield,improvemechanismsfortraining,evaluationandincentivesofscientificandtechnologicaltalents,promotethetransformationofscientificandtechnologicalinnovationachievementsandthepopularizat

22、ionanduseofadvancedtechnologiesandequipment,andimprovethescientificandtechnologicalsupportcapacityandapplicationlevelofgrainproduction,reserve,circulationandprocessing.Article8Thepeoplesgovernmentsatalllevelsandrelevantdepartmentsshallstrengthengrainsecuritypublicityandeducationbyvariousforms,raiset

23、heawarenessofgrainsecurityinthewholesociety,andguidetheformationofsoundgoodfashionofcherishinggrainandsavinggrain.Article9Entitiesandindividualsthathavemadeoutstandingcontributionstothegrainsecurityguaranteeworkofthestateshallbecommendedandrewardedinaccordancewiththerelevantrulesofthestate.Chapter I

24、I ProtectionofCultivatedLandArticle10Thestateshallimplementcontrolovertheuseofspaceofnationallandundertheterritorialspatialplanning,makeoverallplanningandlayoutofsuchfunctionalspaceasagricultural,ecological,andurbanareas,designateandimplementtheredlinefortheprotectionofcultivatedlandandpermanentbasi

25、cfarmland,theredlineforecologicalprotectionandtheboundaryforurbandevelopment,andstrictlyprotectcultivatedland.支撑能力和应用水平。第八条各级人民政府及有 关部门应当采取多种形式加强粮 食安全宣传教育，提升全社会粮 食安全意识，引导形成爱惜粮 食、节约粮食的良好风尚。第九条对在国家粮食安全 保障工作中做出突出贡献的单位 和个人，按照国家有关规定给予 表彰和奖励。第二章耕地保护第十条国家实施国土空间 规划下的国土空间用途管制，统 筹布局农业、生态、城镇等功能 空间，划定落实耕地和永久基本

26、农田保护红线、生态保护红线和 城镇开发边界，严格保护耕地。国务院确定省、自治区、直辖市人民政府耕地和永久基本农田保TheStateCouncilshalldeterminetasksfortheprotectionofcultivatedlandandpermanentbasicfarmlandbythepeoplesgovernmentsofprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernment.Thelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevel

27、shallensurethatthetotalamountofcultivatedlandandpermanentbasicfarmlandwithintheirrespectiveadministrativeregionsisnotreducedandtheirqualityisimproved.Thestateshallestablishacompensationsystemforprotectionofcultivatedlandtomobilizetheenthusiasmofthesubjectsresponsiblefortheprotectionofcultivatedlandi

28、ntheprotectionofcultivatedland.Article11Thestateshallimplementacompensationsystemforoccupationofcultivatedlandandstrictlycontrolalltypesofbehaviorsofoccupyingcultivatedland;andwhereitisreallynecessarytooccupycultivatedland,theresponsibilityforsupplementingcultivatedlandshallbeimplementedaccordingtot

29、helaw,andcultivatedlandequalinquantityandqualitytothecultivatedlandoccupiedshallbesupplemented.护任务。县级以上地方人民政府 应当确保本行政区域内耕地和永 久基本农田总量不减少、质量有 提高。国家建立耕地保护补偿制度，调 动耕地保护责任主体保护耕地的 积极性。第十一条国家实行占用耕 地补偿制度，严格控制各类占用 耕地行为；确需占用耕地的，应 当依法落实补充耕地责任，补充 与所占用耕地数量相等、质量相 当的耕地。省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应 当组织本级人民政府自然资源主 管部门、农业农村主管部门对补 充

30、耕地的数量进行认定、对补充 耕地的质量进行验收，并加强耕 地质量跟踪评价。Thepeoplesgovernmentsofprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentshallorganizethedepartmentsofnaturalresourcesandthedepartmentsofagricultureandruralaffairsofthepeoplesgovernmentsatthecorrespondinglevelstodeterminethequantityofsu

31、pplementarycultivatedland,inspectthequalityofsupplementarycultivatedland,andstrengthenthetrackingandevaluationofthequalityofcultivatedland.Article12Thestateshallstrictlycontroltheconversionofcultivatedlandintowoodland,grassland,gardenlandandotheragriculturalland.Illegaloccupationofcultivatedlandfora

32、fforestationandlakediggingforlandscapingshallbeprohibited.Itisforbiddentoexpandthescopeofrestorationoffarmlandbeyondtheplanforrestoringfarmlandtoforestandgrasslandapprovedbythestate.Article13Cultivatedlandshallbemainlyusedfortheproductionofgrain,cotton,oil,sugar,vegetablesandotheragriculturalproduct

33、sandforagefodder.Thelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshall,inaccordancewiththeobjectivesandtasksofensuringthesupplyofgrainandimportantagriculturalproducts,strengthenthecontrolovertheuseofcultivatedlandforplanting,implementtheprioritiesfortheutilizationofcultivatedland,andadjustandoptimi

34、zetheplantingstructure.SpecificmeasuresshallbedevelopedbythecompetentdepartmentofagricultureandruralaffairsoftheStateCouncil.第十二条 国家严格控制耕 地转为林地、草地、园地等其他 农用地。禁止违规占用耕地绿化 造林、挖湖造景等行为。禁止在 国家批准的退耕还林还草计划外 擅自扩大退耕范围。第十三条 耕地应当主要用 于粮食和棉、油、糖、蔬菜等农 产品及饲草饲料生产。县级以上 地方人民政府应当根据粮食和重 要农产品保供目标任务，加强耕 地种植用途管控，落实耕地利用 优先序，调

35、整优化种植结构。具 体办法由国务院农业农村主管部 门制定。县级以上地方人民政府农业农村 主管部门应当加强耕地种植用途 管控日常监督。村民委员会、农 村集体经济组织发现违反耕地种 植用途管控要求行为的，应当及 时向乡镇人民政府或者县级人民 政府农业农村主管部门报告。Thecompetentdepartmentofagricultureandruralaffairsofthelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshallstrengthenroutinesupervisionoverthecontrolovertheplantingpurpo

36、seofcultivatedland.Villagers,committeesandruralcollectiveeconomicorganizationsthatfindbehaviorsinviolationoftherequirementsforcontrolovertheplantingpurposeofcultivatedlandshallreporttothetownshippeoplesgovernmentsorthecompetentdepartmentsofagricultureandruralaffairsofthecountypeople,sgovernmentsinat

37、imelymanner.Article14Thestateshallestablishastrictsystemfortheprotectionofcultivatedlandquality,strengthentheconstructionofhigh-standardfarmland,and,inaccordancewiththerequirementsforattachingimportancetobothquantityandquality,systematicpromotionandsustainableutilization,insistontheprinciplesofgover

38、nmentleadershipandsocialparticipation,overallplanningandstep-by-stepimplementation,andcombinationofuseandmaintenance,andattachingequalimportancetoconstructionandmanagement,perfectthemulti-inputguaranteemechanism,andimprovetheconstructionstandardsandquality.Article 15 Thepeoplesgovernmentsatoraboveth

39、ecountylevelshallestablishamonitoringnetworkforcultivatedlandqualityandplantingpurpose,carryoutinvestigations,monitoringandevaluationofcultivatedlandquality,takemeasuressuchassoilimprovement,soilfertilitycultivation,andtreatmentandrestoration,improvetheproductivityoffieldswithmediumandlowyield,contr

40、oldegradedcultivatedland,strengthentheconstructionandtransformationoflargeandmedium-sizedirrigatedareas,andimprovethequalityofcultivatedland.Thestateshallestablishablacklandprotectionsystemtoprotectthefineproductioncapacityofblackland.第十四条国家建立严格的 耕地质量保护制度，加强高标准 农田建设，按照量质并重、系统 推进、永续利用的要求，坚持政 府主导与社会参与

41、、统筹规划与 分步实施、用养结合与建管并重 的原则，健全完善多元投入保障 机制，提高建设标准和质量。第十五条 县级以上人民政 府应当建立耕地质量和种植用途 监测网络，开展耕地质量调查和 监测评价，采取土壤改良、地力 培肥、治理修复等措施，提高中 低产田产能，治理退化耕地，加 强大中型灌区建设与改造，提升 耕地质量。国家建立黑土地保护制度，保护 黑土地的优良生产能力。国家建立健全耕地轮作休耕制 度，鼓励农作物秸秆科学还田，Thestateshallestablishandimprovethesystemforcultivatedlandrotationandfallow,encouragesci

42、entificreturnofcropstrawtothefields,andstrengthentheconstructionoffarmlandprotectionforest.andsupportthepromotionofgreenandefficientgrainproductiontechnologiesandpromotetheimprovementoftheecologicalenvironmentandthesustainableuseofresources.Article 16 Thelocalpeoplesgovernmentsatorabovethecountyleve

43、lshallpromotethegovernanceofabandonedlandaccordingtolocalconditionsinaclassifiedmanner,andtakemeasurestoguiderestorationoffarmland.Acontract-awardingpartyofhouseholdcontractingmayuseabandonedlandforagriculturalproductionbyorganizingalternatefarmingandplantingandothermeansaccordingtothelaw.Article 17

44、 Thestateshallpromotethecomprehensiveutilizationofsaline-alkaliIand5developrelevantplansandsupportingpolicies,encourageandguideinvestmentofprivateinvestors,explorethedevelopmentandutilizationpotentialityofsaline-alkaliland,carryouttreatmentandimprovementofsaline-alkalilandindifferentareasinaclassifi

45、edmanner,acceleratetheselectionofsaline-alkaliresistantvarieties,promoteeffectivepracticesforimprovingsaline-alkaliland,andcurbthesaline-alkalitrendofcultivatedland.ChapterIIIGrainProduction加强农田防护林建设；支持推广 绿色、高效粮食生产技术，促进 生态环境改善和资源永续利用。第十六条 县级以上地方人 民政府应当因地制宜、分类推进 摞荒地治理，采取措施引导复 耕。家庭承包的发包方可以依法 通过组织代耕代种等

46、形式将摞荒 地用于农业生产。第十七条国家推动盐碱地 综合利用，制定相关规划和支持 政策，鼓励和引导社会资本投 入，挖掘盐碱地开发利用潜力， 分区分类开展盐碱耕地治理改 良，加快选育耐盐碱特色品种， 推广改良盐碱地有效做法，遏制 耕地盐碱化趋势。第三章粮食生产第十八条国家推进种业振 兴，维护种业安全，推动种业高 质量发展。Article18Thestateshallpromotetherevitalizationoftheseedindustry,maintainthesafetyoftheseedindustry,andpromotethehigh-qualitydevelopmentofth

47、eseedindustry.Thestateshallstrengthentheprotection,developmentandutilizationofgraincropgermplasmresources,builtanationalbaseofagriculturalgermplasmresources,improvethenationalsystemforbreedingofimprovedvarieties,promotetheinformationizationconstructionfortheprotectionandmanagementofgraincropgermplas

48、mresources,andimprovethecapacityofseedsupplyguarantee.Thestateshallstrengthentheprotectionoftherighttonewvarietiesofplants,supportbasicandcutting-edgeresearchinbreedingandresearchonappliedtechnologies,encouragescientificandtechnologicalinnovationandindustrialapplicationofgraincropseeds,supportjointtacklingofkeyproblemsinbreeding,andcultivateexcellentvarietieswithindependentintellectualpropertyrights.Article19Thepeoplesgovernmentsatorabovetheprovinciallevelshallestablishaseedreservesystem,mainlyfortheneedsofgrainproductionandtheadjustmenttosurplusand